.. index:: ! grd2xyz

*******
grd2xyz
*******

.. only:: not man

    grd2xyz - Convert grid file to data table

Synopsis
--------

.. include:: common_SYN_OPTs.rst_

**grd2xyz** *grid* [ **-C**\ [**f**\ \|\ **i**] ] [ **-N**\ [**i**]\ *nodata* ]
[ |SYN_OPT-R| ]
[ |SYN_OPT-V| ]
[ **-W**\ [*weight*] ] [ **-Z**\ [*flags*] ]
[ |SYN_OPT-bo| ]
[ |SYN_OPT-f| ]
[ **-ho**\ [*n*] ]
[ |SYN_OPT-o| ]
[ |SYN_OPT-s| ]

|No-spaces|

Description
-----------

**grd2xyz** reads one or more binary 2-D grid files and writes out
xyz-triplets in ASCII [or binary] format to standard output. Modify the
precision of the ASCII output format by editing the
:ref:`FORMAT_FLOAT_OUT <FORMAT_FLOAT_OUT>` parameter in your :doc:`gmt.conf` file or use
**-**\ **-D_FORMAT**\ =\ *format* on the command line, or choose binary
output using single or double precision storage. As an option you may
output z-values without the (x,y) coordinates; see **-Z** below. 

Required Arguments
------------------

*grid*
    Names of 2-D binary grid files to be converted. (See GRID FILE
    FORMATS below.)

Optional Arguments
------------------

**-C**\ [**f**\ \|\ **i**]
    Replace the x- and y-coordinates on output with the corresponding
    column and row numbers. These start at 0 (C-style counting); append
    **f** to start at 1 (Fortran-style counting). Alternatively, append
    **i** to write just the two columns *index* and *z*, where *index*
    is the 1-D indexing that GMT uses when referring to grid nodes.

**-N**\ [**i**]\ *nodata* 
    Output this z-value where the latter equals NaN [Default writes NaN].
    Alternatively prepend **i** to do the inverse. That is, to replace the
    *nodata* values in grid with NaN. Useful to use with the **-s** option.

.. |Add_-R| replace:: Using the **-R** option
    will select a subsection of the grid. If this subsection exceeds the
    boundaries of the grid, only the common region will be output. 
.. include:: explain_-R.rst_

.. |Add_-V| unicode:: 0x20 .. just an invisible code
..  include:: explain_-V.rst_

**-W**\ [*weight*]
    Write out x,y,z,w, where w is the supplied *weight* (or 1 if not
    supplied) [Default writes x,y,z only].

**-Z**\ [*flags*]
    Write a 1-column ASCII [or binary] table. Output will be organized
    according to the specified ordering convention contained in *flags*.
    If data should be written by rows, make *flags* start with
    **T** (op) if first row is y = ymax or
    **B** (ottom) if first row is y = ymin. Then,
    append **L** or **R** to indicate that first element should start at
    left or right end of row. Likewise for column formats: start with
    **L** or **R** to position first column, and then append **T** or
    **B** to position first element in a row. For gridline registered
    grids: If grid is periodic in x but the outcoming data should not
    contain the (redundant) column at x = xmax, append **x**. For grid
    periodic in y, skip writing the redundant row at y = ymax by
    appending **y**. If the byte-order needs to be swapped, append
    **w**. Select one of several data types (all binary except **a**):

    * **a** ASCII representation of a single item per record
    * **c** int8_t, signed 1-byte character
    * **u** uint8_t, unsigned 1-byte character
    * **h** int16_t, short 2-byte integer
    * **H** uint16_t, unsigned short 2-byte integer
    * **i** int32_t, 4-byte integer
    * **I** uint32_t, unsigned 4-byte integer
    * **l** int64_t, long (8-byte) integer
    * **L** uint64_t, unsigned long (8-byte) integer
    * **f** 4-byte floating point single precision
    * **d** 8-byte floating point double precision

    Default format is scanline orientation of ASCII numbers: **-ZTLa**.
    Note that **-Z** only applies to 1-column output. 

.. |Add_-bo| replace:: [Default is 3]. This option
    only applies to xyz output; see **-Z** for z table output. 
.. include:: explain_-bo.rst_

.. |Add_-f| replace:: See also **TIME
    COORDINATES** below. **-h** Output 1 header record based on
    information in the first grid file header. Ignored if binary output
    is selected. [Default is no header]. 
..  include:: explain_-f.rst_

.. include:: explain_-ocols.rst_

.. include:: explain_-s.rst_

.. include:: explain_help.rst_

.. include:: explain_precision.rst_

.. include:: explain_grd_inout.rst_

Time Coordinates
----------------

Time coordinates in netCDF grids, be it the x, y, or z coordinate, will
be recognized as such. The variable's **unit** attribute is parsed to
determine the unit and epoch of the time coordinate in the grid. Values
are then converted to the internal time system specified by
:ref:`TIME_UNIT <TIME_UNIT>` and :ref:`TIME_EPOCH <TIME_EPOCH>` in the
:doc:`gmt.conf` file or on the
command line. The default output is relative time in that time system,
or absolute time when using the option **-f0T**, **-f1T**, or **-f2T**
for x, y, or z coordinate, respectively.

Examples
--------

To edit individual values in the 5’ by 5’ hawaii_grv.nc file, dump the .nc to ASCII:

   ::

    gmt grd2xyz hawaii_grv.nc > hawaii_grv.xyz

To write a single precision binary file without the x,y positions from
the file raw_data.nc file, using scanline orientation, run

   ::

    gmt grd2xyz raw_data.nc -ZTLf > hawaii_grv.b

See Also
--------

:doc:`gmt.conf`, :doc:`gmt`,
:doc:`grdedit`, :doc:`grdreformat`,
:doc:`xyz2grd`
