HR: 11:50h
AN: ED31E-07 [PDF]
TI: 3D Geospatial Models for Visualization and Analysis of Groundwater Contamination at a Nuclear Materials
Processing Facility
AU: * Stirewalt, G L
EM: gls3@nrc.gov
AF: MANDEX, Inc, 12500 Fair Lakes Circle, Fairfax, VA 22033-3808 United States
AU: Shepherd, J C
EM: jcs2@nrc.gov
AF: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, MS T7F27, Washington, DC 20555 United States
AB:
Analysis of hydrostratigraphy and uranium and nitrate contamination in groundwater at a former nuclear materials processing
facility in Oklahoma were undertaken employing 3-dimensional (3D) geospatial modeling software. Models constructed played an
important role in the regulatory decision process of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) because they enabled
visualization of temporal variations in contaminant concentrations and plume geometry.
Three aquifer systems occur at the site, comprised of water-bearing fractured shales separated by indurated sandstone
aquitards. The uppermost terrace groundwater system (TGWS) aquifer is composed of terrace and alluvial deposits and a basal
shale. The shallow groundwater system (SGWS) aquifer is made up of three shale units and two sandstones. It is separated from
the overlying TGWS and underlying deep groundwater system (DGWS) aquifer by sandstone aquitards. Spills of nitric acid
solutions containing uranium and radioactive decay products around the main processing building (MPB), leakage from storage
ponds west of the MPB, and leaching of radioactive materials from discarded equipment and waste containers contaminated both
the TGWS and SGWS aquifers during facility operation between 1970 and 1993.
Constructing 3D geospatial property models for analysis of groundwater contamination at the site involved use of EarthVision
(EV), a 3D geospatial modeling software developed by Dynamic Graphics, Inc. of Alameda, CA. A viable 3D geohydrologic
framework model was initially constructed so property data could be spatially located relative to subsurface geohydrologic
units. The framework model contained three hydrostratigraphic zones equivalent to the TGWS, SGWS, and DGWS aquifers in which
groundwater samples were collected, separated by two sandstone aquitards.
Groundwater data collected in the three aquifer systems since 1991 indicated high concentrations of uranium ($>$10,000
micrograms/liter) and nitrate ($>$ 500 milligrams/liter) around the MPB and elevated nitrate ($>$ 2000 milligrams/ liter)
around storage ponds. Vertical connectivity was suggested between the TGWS and SGWS, while the DGWS appeared relatively
isolated from the overlying aquifers. Lateral movement of uranium was also suggested over time. For example, lateral
migration in the TGWS is suggested along a shallow depression in the bedrock surface trending south-southwest from the
southwest corner of the MPB. Another pathway atop the buried bedrock surface, trending west-northwest from the MPB and
partially reflected by current surface topography, suggested lateral migration of nitrate in the SGWS. Lateral movement of
nitrate in the SGWS was also indicated north, south, and west of the largest storage pond. Definition of contaminant plume
movement over time is particularly important for assessing direction and rate of migration and the potential need for
preventive measures to control contamination of groundwater outside facility property lines.
The 3D geospatial property models proved invaluable for visualizing and analyzing variations in subsurface uranium and
nitrate contamination in space and time within and between the three aquifers at the site. The models were an exceptional
visualization tool for illustrating extent, volume, and quantitative amounts of uranium and nitrate contamination in the
subsurface to regulatory decision-makers in regard to site decommissioning issues, including remediation concerns, providing
a perspective not possible to achieve with traditional 2D maps. The geohydrologic framework model provides a conceptual model
for consideration in flow and transport analyses.
DE: 6605 Education
SC: Education and Human Resources [ED]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting