HR: 0830h
AN: ED41C-1186 [PDF]
TI: Weathering of Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary Rocks in a Semi-arid Climate - An Engineering
Application of Petrology
AU: * Harrison, W J
EM: wharriso@Mines.edu
AF: Department of Geology and Geological Engineering,
Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401 United States
AU: Wendlandt, R F
EM: rwendlan@Mines.edu
AF: Department of Geology and Geological Engineering,
Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401 United States
AB:
Over the last 10 years, analytical methods have been introduced to students in CSM's undergraduate geological engineering
program through a multi-year and multi-course approach. Beginning with principles and simple applications of XRD and SEM in
sophomore Mineralogy and building on these skills in subsequent junior and senior year courses, geological engineers acquire
proficiency in analytical methods. Essential workplace skills are thus acquired without adding an extra course in the
undergraduate program. The following exercise is completed by juniors in an integrated Ig.-Met.-Sed. petrology course.
The identification of clay mineral assemblages in soils provides a unique opportunity to demonstrate how basic principles of
petrology and geochemistry are applied to engineering design criteria in construction site preparation. Specifically, the
problem investigates the conditions leading to the formation of smectite in soils and the resulting construction risk due to
soil expansion. Students examine soils developed on igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks near Denver, Colorado. The
field locations are areas of suburban growth and several have expansive soil problems. The 2-week exercise includes sample
collection, description, and preparation, determining clay mineralogy by XRD, and measurement of Atterberg Plasticity
Indices. Teaching materials may be found at: http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/.
This exercise accomplishes three objectives: First, skills in XRD analysis are developed by introducing students to concepts
of particle size separation, particle orientation, and sequential analysis steps which are standard practices in clay
characterization. Second, lecture material on the geochemistry of weathering of different rock types is reinforced.
Students interpret the origin of clay mineral assemblages developed in soils derived from Precambrian gneisses, lower
Paleozoic feldspathic sandstones, upper Paleozoic marine shales, and Tertiary basalts and volcaniclastics. Third, the role
of petrologic characterization in site engineering is demonstrated. Students use Atterberg Limits measurements in
conjunction with soil mineralogy to assess swelling potential and to design soil treatment needs for each building site.
UR: http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/teaching_materials.html
DE: 1045 Low-temperature geochemistry
DE: 1886 Weathering (1625)
DE: 3699 General or miscellaneous
DE: 6605 Education
SC: Education and Human Resources [ED]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting