HR: 11:50h
AN: H11H-07    [PDF]
TI: Streamflow Simulations of the Terrestrial Arctic Regime
AU: * Su, F
EM: fgsu@hydro.washington.edu
AF: Department of civil and environmental engineering, University of Washington box 352700, Seattle, WA 98105 American Samoa
AU: Adam, J
EM: jenny@hydro.washington.edu
AF: Department of civil and environmental engineering, University of Washington box 352700, Seattle, WA 98105 American Samoa
AU: Bowling, L
EM: lxb@hydro.washington.edu
AF: Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
AU: Lettenmaier, D
EM: dennisl@u.washington.edu
AF: Department of civil and environmental engineering, University of Washington box 352700, Seattle, WA 98105 American Samoa
AB: Runoff from the Arctic terrestrial drainage system represents about two-thirds of the net flux of freshwater to the Arctic Ocean. Both the amount and the timing of freshwater inflow to the ocean systems are important to ocean circulation, salinity, and sea ice dynamics. In this study, the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model is used to simulate runoff and streamflow from the pan-Arctic terrestrial domain from 1979 to 1999. The VIC model is a grid-based land surface scheme designed both for inclusion in GCMs, and for use as a stand-alone macroscale hydrological model. The key elements of the model that are particularly relevant to high latitude implementations include a two-layer energy balance snow model, a frozen soil/permafrost algorithm, a blowing snow model, and a lakes and wetlands model, none of which have previously been applied over the entire pan-Arctic domain. The model was applied over a 100kmx100km EASE grid mesh with full energy balance (closure for surface skin temperature) at a time step of 3 hours. A river network was developed for the model grid mesh and a routing scheme was run offline which takes daily VIC surface and subsurface runoff as input to obtain model simulated streamflows at the outlets of selected study basins. The forcing data, soil, and vegetation parameters needed by the VIC are described and evaluated, along with calibration issues. The VIC streamflow simulations for the Lena, Ob, and Mackenzie watersheds are compared with observations. For the 20-year study period, an estimate is provided of the mean freshwater flux to the Arctic and its spatial distribution, and is compared with previous estimates.
DE: 1833 Hydroclimatology
DE: 1836 Hydrologic budget (1655)
DE: 1860 Runoff and streamflow
DE: 1863 Snow and ice (1827)
DE: 1878 Water/energy interactions
SC: Hydrology [H]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting