HR: 11:50h
AN: H21H-07    [PDF]
TI: Surface Water Applications of Satellite Scatterometry
AU: * Nghiem, S V
EM: Son.V.Nghiem@jpl.nasa.gov
AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Tech nology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, MS 300-235, Pasadena, CA 91109 United States
AU: Barber, D G
EM: dbarber@ms.umanitoba.ca
AF: University of Manitoba, Department of Geography, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
AU: Brakenridge, G R
EM: brakenridge@dartmouth.edu
AF: Darmouth Flood Observatory, Department of Geography University of Neu Hampshire, Hanover, NH 03755 United States
AU: Leshkevich, G A
EM: george.leshkevich@noaa.gov
AF: NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 United States
AU: Markus, T
EM: Thorsten.Markus.1@gsfc.nasa.gov
AF: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 975 Bldg.33, Rm.A412, Greenbelt, MD 20771 United States
AU: Neumann, G
EM: gregory.neumann@jpl.nasa.gov
AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Tech nology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, MS 300-235, Pasadena, CA 91109 United States
AU: Njoku, E G
EM: eni.g.njoku@jpl.nasa.gov
AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Tech nology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, MS 300-235, Pasadena, CA 91109 United States
AU: Perovich, D K
EM: donald.k.perovich@erdc.usace.army.mil
AF: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH 03755 United States
AU: Steffen, K
EM: konrad.steffen@colorado.edu
AF: CIRES, University of Colorado, Campus Box 216, Boulder, CO 80309 United States
AU: Sturm, M
EM: msturm@crrel.usace.army.mil
AF: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, NH 03755 United States
AU: Van Woert, M L
EM: mvanwoert@natice.noaa.gov
AF: National Ice Center, NOAA/NESDIS, Route: E/SP Federal Office Building #4, Room 2301 5200 Auth Road, Suitland, MD 20746 United States
AB: We present an overview of the use of satellite scatterometry to detect surface water in liquid and solid phases for various regional geophysical applications. We study scatterometer/radiometer signatures of surface soil moisture with in-situ data from SCAN, Oklahoma Mesonet, and NCDC/GSOD stations. Results indicate scatterometer data can detect and inventory wet surface events due to rains to determine the regional frequency of surface water cycling. Animated time-series of scatterometer data over the SMEX (Soil Moisture EXperiment) region in mid-west US illustrate the monitoring of surface water variabilities over large scales. An automated flood processing algorithm implemented at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) provides daily updated data over the world to the Dartmouth Flood Observatory (DFO) for early flood detections. We verify the flooded areas with MODIS clear-sky observations. We obtain weekly wetland results in Africa, Asia, North America, and South America. We show wetland monitoring results over the Eastern Arkansas - Mississippi River Valley with a comparison of the maximum extent to MODIS standard water. We investigate scatterometer signatures of snowmelt with field experiments carried out in Alaska to develop algorithms for snowmelt detection over the northern hemisphere. We present animated snowmelt results over the Lena River region in Siberia leading to floods (in 2000-2003) including the 2001 Lena Flood of the Century. Snowmelt timing parameters derived from scatterometer data are appropriate for assimilation into hydrology models for river discharge estimate and for flood forecast. We map ice cover over the Great Lakes and compare the results with observations from US Coast Guard (USCG) Mackinaw icebreaker and from a web camera on Granite Island. Over Greenland, we map and monitor surface melt areas and compare the results to in-situ measurements from the Greenland Climate Network (GC-Net). Results show extensive melt over the Greenland ice surface in 2002 in record amounts. We carried out a sea-ice mapping field experiment using the USCG Healy icebreaker over the Barents Sea in 2001. We detect a peculiar sea-ice barrier east of Svalbard, which poses hazards to ship navigation east of Svalbard. We map sea ice melt and refreezing areas by combining QuikSCAT and SSM/I products over the Arctic sea ice with verification from the Canadian C-ICE field experiment. Finally, we discuss limitations of current satellite scatterometers and the need for future advanced satellite sensors for surface-water applications.
DE: 1821 Floods
DE: 1827 Glaciology (1863)
DE: 1863 Snow and ice (1827)
DE: 1866 Soil moisture
DE: 1890 Wetlands
SC: Hydrology [H]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting