HR: 1330h
AN: H52A-1178    [PDF]
TI: Experiments on Sediment Trap Efficiency in Reservoirs
AU: * Toniolo, H A
EM: ffhat@uaf.edu
AF: Civil And Environmental Engineering Department. University of Alaska Fairbanks, P.O. Box: 755900, Fairbanks, AK 99775-5900 United States
AU: Schultz, J
EM: schultzjeremy@hotmail.com
AF: Saint Anthony Falls Lab. University of Minnesota, Mississippi River at 3rd Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414 United States
AB: The results of experiments on sediment trap efficiency in reservoirs are presented. Five different outlet conditions were examined during the experiments. The goal of this research is to obtain the evolution of the trap efficiency in reservoirs as a function of the outlet position. Two different materials, coal slag and glass beads, were used in the experiments to simulate sand and silt in the reservoir. The specific gravities are 2.60 (coal slag) and 2.50 (glass beads). Sand is deposited in the delta region. Silt plunges in the foreset of the delta and forms a turbidity current. The downstream wall of the reservoir forces the turbidity current to undergo a submerged hydraulic jump. A muddy pond with a distinctive turbid-clear water interface is formed downstream of hydraulic jump. Part of the silt is trapped in the reservoir forming a bottomset. The silt that is not retained in the reservoir escapes through the outlet. The results, for this specific set of experiments, indicate the presence of an optimal outlet position for maximum venting capacity (minimum trap efficiency).
DE: 1803 Anthropogenic effects
DE: 1815 Erosion and sedimentation
DE: 1857 Reservoirs (surface)
DE: 1871 Surface water quality
SC: Hydrology [H]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting