HR: 09:15h
AN: OS21A-05 [PDF]
TI: M-TSU: Direct evaluation of an earthquake "mantle" magnitude from ocean-bottom pressure records of
tsunami waves
AU: Titov, V
EM: titov@pmel.noaa.gov
AF: PMEL-NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 United States
AU: * Okal, E A
EM: emile@earth.nwu.edu
AF: Northwestern Univ., Locy Hall, Evanston, IL 60208 United States
AB:
We apply the concept of the mantle magnitude M sub m, developed by
Okal and Talandier [1989], to tsunami records obtained by ocean-bottom
pressure sensors of the DART project. Our goal is to devise an
algorithm to use these tsunami waveforms on the high seas, unaffected by
the later interaction of the wave with coastlines, to infer the
characteristics of the parent earthquake in the ultra-low frequency band,
which may be improperly rendered by seismic mantle waves.
Because tsunamis constitute a branch of the spheroidal oscillations
of a self-gravitating Earth, it is straightforward to apply normal mode theory
in order
to derive a simple variant of the M sub m algorithm, to be used with
tsunamis. The source correction is predicted from the
theoretical expression of normal mode excitation coefficients in the range
300-6000 seconds. The distance correction is simplified from the
case of seismic waves by the elimination of the effect of anelasticity
(finite Q) which becomes irrelevant in the case of tsunami waves. The
locking constant, still predicted theoretically, is simply adapted to
the measurement of a different physical quantity -- pressure rather than
displacement, and to the choice of units. We will present
examples of computation of M sub TSU from actual records at DART stations.
DE: 4564 Tsunamis and storm surges
DE: 7215 Earthquake parameters
DE: 7260 Theory and modeling
SC: Ocean Sciences [OS]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting