HR: 1330h
AN: T22B-0511 [PDF]
TI: Deciphering a Duplex: an Example From the Western Nepal Himalaya
AU: * Robinson, D M
EM: dmr@wgs.geo.ua.edu
AF: University of Alabama, Department of Geological Sciences
202 Bevill Building, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
AB:
Because no unique answer exists for the restoration of a cross section, critical decisions must be made during the
restoration process which determine the amount of shortening and overall character of the cross section. Often these
decisions are straight-forward. Yet, inevitably, assumptions must be made to continue with the restoration. It is especially
difficult when data density is minimal, as is true in Nepal. The far western part of Nepal as little infrastructure and
acquiring ground truth data is difficult and time consuming. Based on data from field work in the Chainpur area of the
Bajhang district of far western Nepal in the Himalayan thrust belt, four models were developed for the emplacement of a
duplex. Uncertainty resided in the number of faults, whether some thrust sheets were folded, and location of faults in areas
that were inaccessible. Ultimately, one model was chosen based on its structural probability, fit to the ground truth data
around Chainpur, and fit into the overall kinematic development of the thrust belt.
A cross section was developed for the Himalayan thrust belt in far western Nepal that bisected the Chainpur area. Based on
the model described above, two kinematic restorations were possible. Although the first reconstruction required more
shortening, the second reconstruction utilized kinematically creative faults. I used a forward modeling approach to help
understand the kinematic viability of the restorations. By starting the reconstruction at approximately 25 Ma with the
emplacement of the Main Central thrust sheet and working forward in time, the reconstruction program, 2-d Move, determined
that the first reconstruction was viable but the second reconstruction was kinematically impossible. This decision led to an
increase in the amount of shortening in the cross section. Just as important, this example illustrates the utility of using
forward modeling for the reconstruction of orogen-scale cross sections.
DE: 8010 Fractures and faults
DE: 8020 Mechanics
DE: 8094 Instruments and techniques
DE: 8102 Continental contractional orogenic belts
DE: 9320 Asia
SC: Tectonophysics [T]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting