HR: 0830h
AN: V11C-0510    [PDF]
TI: Detection and Fate of the August 18 and 28, 2000 Eruption Clouds of Miyakejima, Japan: An Analysis Using TOMS, MODIS, AVHRR, GMS, and ASTER
AU: * McCarthy, E
EM: ebmccart@mtu.edu
AF: Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 United States
AU: Bluth, G
EM: gbluth@mtu.edu
AF: Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 United States
AU: Watson, I
EM: watson@mtu.edu
AF: Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 United States
AU: Rose, W
EM: raman@mtu.edu
AF: Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 United States
AU: Tupper, A
EM: a.tupper@bom.gov.au
AF: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre, Commonwealth Bureau of Meteorology, Northern Territory Regional Office, Casuarina, NT 0811 Australia
AU: Kamada, Y
EM: ykamada@met.kishou.go.jp
AF: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center, Japan Meteorological Agency, 3-3-1 Haneda Airport, Tokyo, 144-0041 Japan
AB: Volcanic eruptions eject ash, sulfur dioxide, and other gases into the atmosphere. These volcanic products create a variety of hazards, including health and aviation hazards and changes in climate. Some of the major questions regarding the mitigation of these hazards include: the mass, extent, and height of the cloud, how long it takes for SO$_{2}$ to convert to sulfuric acid, and how long aerosols remain in the atmosphere. Remote sensing techniques allow: long-term tracking of volcanic clouds because data are acquired on a regular basis, analysis of eruptions in isolated areas, and measurements of an entire eruption cloud. New techniques for retrievals have been developed and new sensors have been launched, however, there has been no systematic comparison to understand the capabilities of the sensors under varying environmental and volcanological conditions. In this case study of Miyakejima, Japan, data from five different satellite sensors are compared and used to produce constraints on the masses and distributions of ash, SO$_{2}$, and aerosols released by the August 18 and 28, 2000 eruptions. Satellite data include: 6 TOMS, 6 MODIS, 11 AVHRR, and 2 ASTER images, as well as 8 days of hourly GMS images. Preliminary results, comparing TOMS and MODIS, show the August 18 ash and gas cloud drifting south. Retrievals using the two sensors suggest an ash mass of at least 26 kilotonnes (kt). The August 28 eruption cloud drifted to the northeast and contained approximately 11 kt of SO$_{2}$.
DE: 3360 Remote sensing
DE: 8409 Atmospheric effects (0370)
DE: 8419 Eruption monitoring (7280)
DE: 8494 Instruments and techniques
SC: Volcanology, Geochemistry, Petrology [V]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting