HR: 14:25h
AN: V22F-04 [PDF]
TI: Heterogeneous melting of intermediate/fast spreading backarc peridotites, Parece-Vela Rift, Marianas
backarc
AU: * Snow, J E
EM: jesnow@mpch-mainz.mpg.de
AF: Max-Planck-Institut f\"{u}r Chemie, Postfach 3060, Mainz, 55020
Germany
AU: Ohara, Y
EM: ohara@jodc.go.jp
AF: Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department of Japan, 5-3-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045
Japan
AU: Hellebrand, E
EM: ehelle@mpch-mainz.mpg.de
AF: Max-Planck-Institut f\"{u}r Chemie, Postfach 3060, Mainz, 55020
Germany
AU: Okino, K
EM: okino@ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp
AF: Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 164-8369
Japan
AU: Ishii, T
EM: ishii@ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp
AF: Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 164-8369
Japan
AB:
The Marianas backarc region is unique in being the only one in which peridotites are extensively exposed. It is also
paradoxically one of the fastest-spreading mantle peridotite localities on the ocean floor, second only to Hess Deep. The
dredging cruise Kairei KR03-01 in January 2003 added considerably to the sample set available for study from this region. The
samples range from fertile lherzolite to harzburgite and dunite. The level of alteration was quite high: Since the Parece
Vela Rift (PVR) failed, these samples have been exposed on the sea floor a minimum of 10 million years.
The oldest section of the rift sampled was a megamullion structure in chaotic terrain west of the PVR, on crust that is about
25 million years old. Peridotites from a single dredge haul (dredge 3) on this megamullion structure range from residual to
highly melt impregnated, with spinel TiO2 contents from 0.01 to 0.9 wt.%. The degree of melting is moderate to high,
judging from Cr\# (Cr/(Cr+Al)) between 0.4 and 0.5 in residual (i.e. low TiO2) samples. This is in keeping with an estimated
full spreading rate of 8cm/yr during the time the PVR was spreading E-W.
In the Parece Vela Rift proper, the new dredging was about evenly divided between fertile compositions (dredges 7, 9 and 15)
and more depleted ones (dredges 6, 10, and 12). The dredges without significant TiO2 enrichment are quite homogeneous. In the
PVR, the long fracture zones would be expected to have some effect on the melting of the peridotites, but they apparently do
not. Fertile dredges 7 and 9 are relatively close to the northern Godzilla Mullion bounding fracture zone, but depleted
dredge 12 is on an outside corner (where it should be fertile) and depleted dredge 10 is no farther from the fracture zone
than fertile dredge 7. We thus cannot yet draw firm conclusions about the relationship between fracture zone proximity and
melting in this region.
The intermediate to fast spreading rate (7-8 cm/yr) seems to have resulted in a preponderance of the sites having about
15-17% melting, and is in line with data from Hess Deep (10cm/yr, Cr\# ~ .55, F=18%). In contrast to Hess Deep, many of the
samples are quite fertile (Cr\# 15), thus either the degree of melting or the efficiency of melt extraction was not as great
as at the East Pacific Rise during the formation of the Hess Deep mantle section. This may be due generally to the many
fracture zones in the region even if individual dredge hauls fail to show a clear transform fault effect.
DE: 3035 Midocean ridge processes
DE: 7220 Oceanic crust
DE: 8120 Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle--general
DE: 9355 Pacific Ocean
SC: Volcanology, Geochemistry, Petrology [V]
MN: 2003 Fall Meeting