HR: 0800h
AN: A11A-0848    [Abstracts]
TI: Climate-Relevant Properties of Particles Generated by Traditional and Improved Wood Burning Cook Stoves
AU: * Roden, C A
EM: croden@uiuc.edu
AF: Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews, Urbana, IL 61801 United States
AU: Bond, T C
EM: yark@uiuc.edu
AF: Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews, Urbana, IL 61801 United States
AU: Conway, S
EM: stuart@treeswaterpeople.org
AF: Trees Water People, 633 Remington, Fort Collins, CO 80524 United States
AU: Osorto Pinel, B
EM: ahdesa@optinet.hn
AF: AHDESA, Colonia Country Club, Calle PrincipalCasa No. 2245, Comayaguela, mdc Honduras
AU: MacCarty, N
EM: true_nor@yahoo.com
AF: Aprovecho Research Center, 80574 Hazelton Rd, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 United States
AU: Still, D
EM: dstill@epud.net
AF: Aprovecho Research Center, 80574 Hazelton Rd, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 United States
AB: Some 2-3 billion people in the world use biofuel as their primary energy source for domestic fuel needs. It is estimated that the combustion of biofuel generates 20% of all carbonaceous aerosols. Uncertainty about the quantity of negative (cooling) radiative forcing generated by aerosols contributes greatly to our lack of understanding of the complete climate picture. In order to facilitate measurements of poorly characterized aerosol sources at a wide range of potential sampling sites, we designed and built an Ambulatory, Real-time ANalyzer for Aerosols or ARANA. The ARANA measures the following real-time data: absorption at three wavelengths, scattering, CO concentration, and CO2 concentration. Additionally, the sampling system captures particles on filters for later analysis. The goals of this project are 1) to gain further understanding of the properties of aerosols generated from biofuels during actual cooking events, which may vary from laboratory testing 2) Determine the factors which govern the emissions from cookstoves so that we can represent these highly variable sources in emission models 3) quantitatively assess improved cookstoves, in order to improve the design and determine the lowest emission model. In Honduras during the summers of 2005 and 2004, we measured real-time emissions from four different improved cookstoves with five tests for each type of improved stove; as well as the emissions from 12 traditional Honduran cookstoves. We observed that particles produced during different combustion phases have very different optical properties. The fire startup and fuel addition phases generally produced the most aerosols, with large quantities of very dark particles having a single scatter albedo between 0.3 and 0.5. For most tests, the single scatter albedo averaged around 0.55 indicating that the primary particles are climate warming. We summarize the characteristics of the particles emitted during cooking events, examining the single scatter albedo, and absorption Angstrom exponent. The light absorption of the emissions always displayed a strong dependence on the wavelength with values for absorption Angstrom exponent varying between 1 and 5, suggesting an externally mixture for the carbonaceous aerosols as they exit the combustion flame. We discuss the differences in particle characteristics during different phases of combustion, as well as the relative quantities of particles produced during the flaming and smoldering phases of the cook fire. Finally, we present emission factors for particle mass, elemental and organic carbon, and carbon monoxide for each of the tests. We found emission factors from our field measurements to be significantly higher than previous lab measurements (9 g_pM/kg_wood versus 3g_pM/kg_wood).
DE: 0305 Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801, 4906)
DE: 0345 Pollution: urban and regional (0305, 0478, 4251)
DE: 0394 Instruments and techniques
DE: 3300 ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES
DE: 3311 Clouds and aerosols
SC: Atmospheric Sciences [A]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005