HR: 1340h
AN: G53A-0876 [Abstracts]
TI: Geoloogic slip on offshore San Clemente fault, Southern California, understated in GPS data
AU: * Legg, M R
EM: mrlegg@attglobal.net
AF: Legg Geophysical, 16541 Gothard Street, #107, Huntington Beach, CA 92647
United States
AB:
The San Clemente fault offshore southern California exhibits prominent geomorphic evidence of major late Quaternary
right-slip. Like the San Andreas fault, where modern Pacific-North America transform motion is focused, the San Clemente
fault stretches more than 700 km along the continental margin with a well-defined principal displacement zone (PDZ). Lateral
offset is generally concentrated in a zone less than about 1 km wide, and linear seafloor fault scarps cutting across active
submarine fans and basin-filling turbidites demonstrate Holocene activity. Dextral offset of middle Miocene circular crater
structures suggest as much as 60 km of Neogene and younger displacement. Offset submarine fan depositional features suggest
a rate of about 4-7 mm/yr of late Quaternary slip. Nearly 75 years of seismograph recording in southern California
registered at least three moderate (M~6) earthquakes, activity which exceeds that of the Elsinore fault with a similar
measured slip rate. Geodetic data based only on a few decades of GPS observations have been interpreted to show less than 1
mm/yr right-slip on the San Clemente fault, whereas larger rates, of about 5-10 mm/yr are described in the Inner Borderland
between Catalina Island and the coast. Extrapolations of data from GPS stations on the Pacific Plate offshore Baja
California also suggest larger rates west of San Clemente Island. Because there are few offshore locations (islands) for GPS
observations, and San Clemente Island is likely within the broader zone of deformation of its namesake fault, these data
miss the full slip rate. Seafloor observations from submersible discovered youthful fault scarps in turbidite muds that are
inferred to represent large prehistoric earthquakes, (M~7). The potential for large offshore earthquakes, with tsunami
generation that would affect the heavily populated adjacent coastal areas underscores the importance of resolving the slip
rate and quantifying the hazard potential.
DE: 1209 Tectonic deformation (6924)
DE: 3040 Plate tectonics (8150, 8155, 8157, 8158)
DE: 3045 Seafloor morphology, geology, and geophysics
DE: 3075 Submarine tectonics and volcanism
DE: 8106 Continental margins: transform
SC: Geodesy [G]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005