HR: 0800h
AN: GP21A-0007 [Abstracts]
TI: The Intensity of the Geomagnetic Field During the Last 6 Millennia as Recorded by Slag Deposits From
Archaeological Sites in the Southern Levant
AU: * Ben-Yosef, E
EM: erezby@hotmail.com
AF: The Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904
Israel
AU: Tauxe, L
EM: ltauxe@ucsd.edu
AF: Geosciences Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA
92093-0220
United States
AU: Hagai, R
EM: hagairon@vms.huji.ac.il
AF: The Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904
Israel
AU: Hagai, R
EM: hagairon@vms.huji.ac.il
AF: Western Galilee College, P.O.B 2125, Acre, 24121
Israel
AU: Agnon, A
EM: amotz@earth.es.huji.ac.il
AF: The Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904
Israel
AU: Levy, T
EM: tlevy@ucsd.edu
AF: Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA
92093-0532
United States
AU: Avner, U
EM:
AF: Arava Institute for Environmenal Studies, D.N. Hevel Eilot, Kibbutz Ketura, 88840
Israel
AU: Kessel, R
EM: kessel@vms.huji.ac.il
AF: The Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904
Israel
AU: Najjar, M
EM: najjar_m@yahoo.com
AF: Department of Antiquities of Jordan, P.O. Box 88, Amman, 11110
Jordan
AU: Holtzer, A
EM:
AF: Arava Institute for Environmenal Studies, D.N. Hevel Eilot, Kibbutz Ketura, 88840
Israel
AU: Steindorf, J
EM:
AF: Geosciences Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA
92093-0220
United States
AB:
Copper-slag material from archaeological sites is a novel and highly promising medium to be used in paleointensity
experiments. Its magnetization is carried by ultra fine grained magnetite and was acquired during fast cooling, often
behaving nearly ideally during the paleointensity experiment. One of the richest archaeometallurgical regions in the eastern
Mediterranean is located in the southern Levant, straddling the `Arava valley, the natural border between the modern states
of Israel and Jordan. Metalworking activities cover a time span of more than six thousands years, beginning in the 5th
millennium B.C., a date that coincides with innovations in metallurgy in many parts of the Old World. Here we will present
results from 77 copper-slag samples from 28 archaeometallurgical sites from the `Arava valley plus several from other
locations in Israel. We employed the alternating Infield-Zero field/Zero-field infield (IZZI) cooling method of Yu et al.
2004 on up to 10 specimens from each sample. We also performed anisotropy of anhysteretic remenance experiments. Using strict
data selection criteria, 35 samples yielded acceptable results for about a 45% success rate. Moreover, we re-melted slag
material and cooled it by exposure to laboratory air in a known field. The intensity results of this re-melted slag recovered
the applied field lending confidence to the archaeointensity results. The data gained hitherto shows a fluctuating field
behavior, with relatively low field intensity during the 6th millennium B.P. and a conspicuous peak around 3,000 B.P. These
trends agree with the global world-model of Korte and Constable (2004), and are in excellent agreement with data from
northern Syria (Genevey et al. 2003). Finally, we obtained results from archaeological sites with poor or disputed dating.
These results suggest that certain localities were used over a long period of time, potentially reconciling the age disputes
amongst archaeologists. Genevey, A.; Gallet, Y.; and Margueron, J. C., 2003. Eight thousands years of geomagnetic field
intensity variations in the eastern Mediterranean. Journal of Geophysical Research 108. doi: 10.1029/2001JB001612. Yu, Y.;
Tauxe, L.; and Genevey, A., 2004. Toward an optimal geomagnetic field intensity determination technique. Geochemistry
Geophysics Geosystems 5/2:1525-2027.
DE: 1503 Archeomagnetism
DE: 1521 Paleointensity
DE: 1522 Paleomagnetic secular variation
SC: Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism [GP]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005