HR: 10:20h
AN: S12A-01 [Abstracts]
TI: Ground Motion Characteristics Considering Magnitude Dependency and Difference Between Surface and
Subsurface Rupture Earthquakes
AU: * Kagawa, T
EM: kagawa@geor.or.jp
AF: Geo-Research Institute, 4-3-2, Itachibori, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 550-0012
Japan
AU: Irikura, K
EM: KojiroI@aol.com
AF: Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247, Yachigusa, Yakusacho, Toyota, 470-0392
Japan
AU: Some, P G
EM: Paul_Somerville@urscorp.com
AF: URS Corporation, 566 El Dorado Street, Pasadena, CA 91101-2560
United States
AU: Miyake, H
EM: hiroe@eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp
AF: Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032
Japan
AU: Sato, T
EM: satom@ohsaki.co.jp
AF: Ohsaki Research Institute, 2-2-2, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0011
Japan
AU: Dan, K
EM: dan@ohsaki.co.jp
AF: Ohsaki Research Institute, 2-2-2, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0011
Japan
AU: Matsu, S
EM: matu@ohsaki.co.jp
AF: Ohsaki Research Institute, 2-2-2, Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0011
Japan
AB:
We have studied differences in ground motion according to fault rupture types and magnitude. We found that three diffferent
earthquake categories have distinct ground motion characteristics.
Somerville (2003) and Kagawa et al. (2004) found that the ground motion caused by subsurface rupture in the period range
around one second is larger than predicted by empirical spectral attenuation relations (Abrahamson and Silva, 1997) for all
earthquakes, but ground motion from
earthquakes that rupture the surface is smaller in the same period range. We expand their study to smaller earthquakes and
add several recent earthquakes.
WWe began by dividing the earthquakes into four categories that are a combination of two classifications, i.e. defined and
undefined fault, surface and subsurface rupture earthquakes. Each category is divided into larger and smaller earthquakes
than about Mw 6.5. Eventually,
we classified the earthquakes into three groups:
a) Surface rupture type : Ground motion is smaller than average, especially in the period range around 1 second.
b) Larger subsurface rupture type : Ground motion is larger than average, especially in the period range around 1 second.
c) Smaller subsurface rupture type : Ground motion is larger than average, especially in the period range around 0.1 second.
Subsurface rupture earthquakes with small magnitude occur in the deep portion of the seismogenic zone. Deep and high stress
asperities generate large ground motions in the short period range. They do not generate pulse like ground motions, because
the asperity is too small and deep to cause forward directivity effects, and because the radiation and propagation of ground
motion at short periods may be too incoherent to allow the formation of a pulse. Larger subsurface rupture earthquakes have
larger asperities that may span a large part of the width of the seismogenic zone, producing coherent directivity pulses with
periods of 1 second or more. Kagawa et al. (2004) pointed out that the shallow asperities of surface rupture earthquakes
have small stress drop and
long rupture duration.
According to present procedures of strong ground motion evaluation, large earthquakes with surface rupture (type a) are
considered to be a 'characteristic earthquakes'. However, there may be cases where a 'non-characteristic
earthquake'generates larger ground motion than a 'characteristic earthquake'. Therefore, we need to develop fault rupture
scenarios for 'non-characteristic earthquakes' (types b and c) to estimate ground motions that are potentially more damaging
than
those of the 'characteristic earthquake' (type a). This requires developing several scenarios of small and large subsurface
rupture earthquakes with different magnitudes within the seismogenic zone.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: A portion of this study was supported by the JNES research topic 'Strong Ground Motion Evaluation Based on
Dynamic Source Modeling' (Leader: Kojiro Irikura).
REFERENCES: Abrahamson and Silva (1997), SRL, 68. Kagawa et al.(2004), EPS, 56. Somerville (2003), PEPI, 137.
DE: 7209 Earthquake dynamics (1242)
DE: 7212 Earthquake ground motions and engineering seismology
DE: 7215 Earthquake source observations (1240)
SC: Seismology [S]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005