HR: 1340h
AN: T23A-0528 [Abstracts]
TI: Validate Tomography with Broadband Waveform Modeling: An Example at La Ristra Transect in the
Southwestern United States
AU: * Song, T A
EM: alex@gps.caltech.edu
AU: Helmberger, D V
EM: helm@gps.caltech.edu
AB:
Travel time tomography has been the main tool for seismologists in developing mantle structure and studying regional
tectonics. Standard practice for geodynamists is to convert the velocity anomalies into temperature and density and fit
geophysical observables such as topography and gravity. However, tomographic models produced by smooth, damped inversions
usually underestimate the amplitude and sharpness of the velocity structure. To validate these tomographic models, it is
important to propagate seismic waves through them and compare synthetic waveforms with obvervations directly, which enable us
to enhance and sharpen these models. Here we illustrate an example using the Rio Grande Rift PASSCAL observations in the
southwestern US.
The La Ristra passive experiment was designed to cross the Rio Grande Rift system and study the tranition in mantle structure
from Great Plain to Colorado Plateau (e.g. Gao et al. 2004; West et al. 2004, Wilson et al. 2005). Ray-based body wave
travel time tomography (Gao et al. 2004) indicated a linear, south-east dipping slab-like fast velocity anomaly under the
western edge of the Great Plain. They interpreted it as a downwelling lithosphere produced by a small scale convection. We
take advantages of the dense linear array and examine data from two deep events in south America. After deconvolving the
source wavelet from the raw data, deconvolved waveforms of both events consistently show that P and S waveforms are severely
distorted at stations across the slab boundary by a factor of 2-3. The waveform amplitude also diminishs in proportional to
the wavefrom broadening. The waveform shape becomes simple again for stations near the center of the rift. We implement the
tomography model into the 2-D finite difference scheme (Vidale, 1985; Helmberger and Vidale, 1988). Preliminary result shows
that amplifying the tomography model by a factor of 3 starts to produce the waveform distortions observed.
DE: 7290 Computational seismology
DE: 8120 Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle: general (1213)
DE: 8180 Tomography (6982, 7270)
SC: Tectonophysics [T]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005