HR: 1340h
AN: T23B-0543 [Abstracts]
TI: Change in the Thermal Process in a Volcanic Geothermal Reservoir Beneath an Active Fumarolic Field
After the 1995 Phreatic Eruption of Kuju volcano, Japan
AU: * Ehara, S
EM: ehara@mine.kyushu-u.ac.jp
AF: Kyushu University, 1-6-1, Hakozaki, Higashiku, Fukuoka, 812-8581
Japan
AU: Fujimitsu, Y
EM: fujimitsu@mine.kyushu-u.ac.jp
AF: Kyushu University, 1-6-1, Hakozaki, Higashiku, Fukuoka, 812-8581
Japan
AU: Nishijima, J
EM: nisijima@mine.kyushu-u.ac.jp
AF: Kyushu University, 1-6-1, Hakozaki, Higashiku, Fukuoka, 812-8581
Japan
AU: Fukuoka, K
EM: fukuoka@mine.kyushu-u.ac.jp
AF: Kyushu University, 1-6-1, Hakozaki, Higashiku, Fukuoka, 812-8581
Japan
AU: Ozawa, M
T23B-0543
AF: Kyushu University, 1-6-1, Hakozaki, Higashiku, Fukuoka, 812-8581
Japan
AB:
Kuju volcano, which is composed of many lava domes, is a typical andesite island arc volcano. The main rock type is hornblend
andesite. The volcanic activity started 0.15 Ma and the most recent big pyroclastic eruption occurred 0.05 Ma. Magmatic
eruptions occurred at intervals from every 1000 to 2000 years in recent 15 kyrs. The most recent magmatic eruption is about
1700 years ago. Several phreatic eruptions occurred in historic times at intervals ranging from several tens to a hundred
years.
The fumarolic field in the central part of Kuju volcano is one of the most intense geothermal fields in Japan. The natural
heat discharge rate was estimated at about 100 MW before the 1995 phreatic eruption and most of it is from steaming ground
and fumaroles. Temperatures of fumaroles generally exceed 200 degrees C and the maximum observed temperature prior to the
1995 phreatic eruption was 508 degrees C. A two-phase volcanic geothermal reservoir beneath the fumarolic field is proposed
based on numerical modeling (Ehara, 1992).
Kuju volcano began to erupt on 11 October, 1995 from the new craters which are about 300 m south of the pre-existing
fumarolic field (first eruption). The volume of ashes discharged by the eruption is about 20000 cubic meters. The subsequent
eruption in mid-December produced about 5000 cubic meters ashes (second eruption). After these eruptions, a large amount of
steam and heat started to be discharged from the new craters and the pre-existing fumarolic field. Such discharge is still
continuing at present (August,2005). The eruption was considered to be a phreatic eruption, because there has been no
magmatic activity at the surface.
Several kinds of geophysical measurements such as thermal, gravimetric, geomagnetic, seismic, geodetic etc. have been
conducted after the 1995 eruption. As a result, quick temperature decrease of the volcanic geothermal reservoir was deduced
from repeat thermal and geomagnetic measurements. Repeat gravity measurements showed quick decrease around the new craters
after the eruption and then gravity recovered gradually. Such temperature and gravity changes show recharge of a large amount
of cold meteoric water to the volcanic geothermal reservoir. The meteoric water recharge was induced by the sudden decrease
of pressure in the volcanic geothermal reservoir accompanied by the phreatic eruption. Numerical modeling of the thermal
process in the volcanic geothermal reservoir after the phreatic eruption simulates the observed cooling of the volcanic
geothermal reservoir very well. Such a process is very similar to the production of geothermal fluids from the geothermal
reservoir without reinjection.
DE: 1034 Hydrothermal systems (0450, 3017, 3616, 4832, 8135, 8424)
DE: 8135 Hydrothermal systems (0450, 1034, 3017, 3616, 4832, 8424)
DE: 8424 Hydrothermal systems (0450, 1034, 3017, 3616, 4832, 8135)
SC: Tectonophysics [T]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005