HR: 0800h
AN: T41B-1312 [Abstracts]
TI: Tectonics of the Andaman Sea Region
AU: * Curray, J R
EM: jcurray@ucsd.edu
AF: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0220
United States
AB:
The Andaman Sea is an active backarc basin lying above and behind the Sunda subduction zone where convergence between the
overriding Eurasian, Sunda or Southeast Asian plate and the subducting Indian and Australian plates is highly oblique. The
effect of the oblique convergence has been formation of a sliver plate between the subduction zone and a complex right
lateral fault system.
The late Paleocene collision of Greater India and Asia with approximately normal convergence started clockwise rotation and
bending of the northern and western Sunda Arc. The initial sliver fault, which probably started in the Eocene, extended
through the outer arc ridge offshore from Sumatra, through the present region of the Andaman Sea into the Sagaing fault in
Myanmar. With more oblique convergence due to the rotation, the rate of strike slip motion increased and a series of
extensional basins opened obliquely by the combination of backarc extension and the strike slip motion. These basins in
sequence are the Mergui Basin starting in early Oligocene, the conjoined Alcock and Sewell Rises starting in early Miocene,
East Basin separating the rises from the foot of the continental slope starting at the end of early Miocene; and finally in
early Pliocene at ~ 4 Ma, the present sliver plate edge was formed, Alcock and Sewell Rises were separated by formation of
the Central Andaman Basin, and the faulting moved onshore from the Mentawai Fault to the Sumatra Fault System bisecting
Sumatra.
The opening of each basin can be expressed in vectors with north and west components. The total of the north component
vectors may be the total offset of the Sagaing Fault since early Oligocene, and the total of the west component vectors may
explain the outward bulge in the alignment of the northwestern Sunda Arc. The present average convergence rate of the
Andaman-Nicobar Ridge and India is about 28 to 38 mm/yr.
DE: 3001 Back-arc basin processes
SC: Tectonophysics [T]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005