HR: 14:10h
AN: U13A-02    [Abstracts]
TI: Constraints on the Source of the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami Posed by Altimeter and Coastal Tsunami Data
AU: * Tinti, S
EM: steve@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
AF: Dipartimento di Fisica, Settore di Geofisica, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 8, Bologna, 40127 Italy
AU: Armigliato, A
EM: armigliato@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
AF: Dipartimento di Fisica, Settore di Geofisica, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 8, Bologna, 40127 Italy
AU: Gallazzi, S
EM: gallazzi@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
AF: Dipartimento di Fisica, Settore di Geofisica, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 8, Bologna, 40127 Italy
AU: Manucci, A
EM: anna@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
AF: Dipartimento di Fisica, Settore di Geofisica, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 8, Bologna, 40127 Italy
AU: Pagnoni, G
EM: pagno@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
AF: Dipartimento di Fisica, Settore di Geofisica, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 8, Bologna, 40127 Italy
AU: Tonini, R
EM: rtonini@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
AF: Dipartimento di Fisica, Settore di Geofisica, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 8, Bologna, 40127 Italy
AU: Zaniboni, F
EM: zaniboni@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
AF: Dipartimento di Fisica, Settore di Geofisica, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 8, Bologna, 40127 Italy
AB: The tsunami that was generated by the December 26, 2004 M=9.3 earthquake off North-West Sumatra is one of the most devastating events in historical times. Since the first days after the event, one of the greatest efforts of the scientific community was to constrain the position and the relevant focal and geometric parameters of the seismogenic structure. Different fault models have been proposed on the basis of different data, but they all share the idea that the rupture propagated northwestward first and then northward from the epicenter and that the ruptured area exceeded 500 km length. Moreover, inversion of seismic data allowed for some preliminary estimations of the slip distribution on the fault plane. In this contribution we adopt some of the proposed models for the earthquake rupture and we simulate the ensuing tsunami by means of a numerical finite-element code which implements and solves the Navier-Stokes equations in the shallow-water approximation. We perform the simulations at two different geographic scales: the first involves almost the entire Indian Ocean basin, while the second focuses especially on the source region. In the first case, our attention is devoted to the features of the tsunami propagation: in particular, we are interested in the tsunami travel times on one hand and, on the other, in the interaction of the tsunami waves with the bathymetry as well as with the numerous archipelagos scattered all over the Indian Ocean. In the second case, special attention is devoted to the impact of the tsunami on the regions placed close to the source, in particular on the northern and northwestern coasts of the island of Sumatra. Results are compared to tsunami altimeter data and tsunami coastal observations (mainly run-up heights and tide-gauge records) to test various hypotheses on the source.
DE: 3075 Submarine tectonics and volcanism
DE: 4564 Tsunamis and storm surges
DE: 7299 General or miscellaneous
SC: Union [U]
MN: Fall Meeting 2005