HR: 08:45h
AN: A11D-04 INVITED [Abstracts]
TI: Control of Stratospheric Water Vapor
AU: * Fueglistaler, S
EM: stefan@atmos.washington.edu
AF: Atmospheric Science, U. Washington, Seattle, Seattle, WA 98195
United States
AU: Bonazzola, M
EM: Marine.Bonazzola@ecmwf.int
AF: European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecast, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG29AX
United Kingdom
AU: Haynes, P H
EM: P.H.Haynes@damtp.cam.ac.uk
AF: DAMTP, U. Cambridge,
Wilberforce Road, Cambridge, CB30WA
United Kingdom
AU: Peter, T
EM: thomas.peter@ethz.ch
AF: IAC, ETH Zuerich,
Hoenggerberg, Zuerich, 8093
Switzerland
AB:
We use trajectory calculations based on European Center for
Medium-range Weather Forecast reanalysis data (ERA-40) to
analyse tropical troposphere to stratosphere transport (TST)
for the period 1979-2001.
Based on the minimum saturation mixing ratio of tropical
TST we calculate estimates for the humidity of air entering
the stratosphere ([H2O]e).
We show that this estimate, which considers the planetary
scale dynamics of tropical TST and the synoptic-scale temperature
field, but greatly simplifies cloud microphysics and
largely neglects mesoscale temperature perturbations, yields an
excellent first order estimate for the annual mean, seasonal cycle
and even interannual variability of [H2O]e.
Having established a tight relationship between [H2O]e and
the Lagrangian mean cold point temperature in the tropics,
we argue that it is the synoptic scale temperature field
in combination with planetary-scale dynamics at the tropical
tropopause that controls [H2O]e, and mesoscale processes such
as deep, overshooting convection may play only a secondary role.
Finally, we discuss the implications of this hypothesis for the cause
of the observed decadal-scale positive trend of stratospheric moisture,
and the apparently paradoxical negative trend of tropopause
temperatures in the tropics.
DE: 3362 Stratosphere/troposphere interactions
DE: 0341 Middle atmosphere--constituent transport and chemistry (3334)
SC: Atmospheric Sciences [A]
MN: 2004 AGU Fall Meeting