HR: 16:00h
AN: C44A-01 INVITED [Abstracts]
TI: WCRP's Climate and Cryosphere (CliC) Project: Climate Change and Middle and Low Latitude
Glaciers
AU: * Dick, C A
EM: chad@npolar.no
AF: CliC International Project Office, Norwegian Polar Institute
Polar Environmental Centre, Tromso, N9012
Norway
AU: CliC Project, W
AF: CliC International Project Office, Norwegian Polar Institute
Polar Environmental Centre, Tromso, N9012
Norway
AB:
The newest World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Core Project, the Climate and Cryosphere (CliC) Project, is concerned with
all aspects of the interactions between the cryosphere and climate. The cryosphere, defined as those portions of the Earth's
surface where water exists in solid form, is an integral part of the climate system, both responding to, and influencing
climate change. The cryosphere also provides many of the best indicators of climate variability and change. In addition to a
range of direct physical indicators (e.g., snow/sea ice/glacier extent and thickness, river and lake freeze-up/break-up
dates, etc.), ice cores from glaciers, ice caps and ice sheets have been shown to contain a wealth of information about past
climate and environmental conditions. Ice cores are of particular value, since they often come from areas that are remote and
poorly observed, yet have a major effect on the climate of the rest of the globe.
General Circulation Models (GCMs) usually predict that the Earth's polar regions will warm fastest with the increasing levels
of atmospheric greenhouse gases. However, models also indicate that continental interiors should warm more quickly than
marine areas at non-polar latitudes. In fact, while some areas in the Arctic and Antarctic have warmed rapidly over the last
few decades, it has generally been in the middle and low latitudes that the greatest effects of climate change have been
observed. Particularly obvious has been the widespread retreat of glaciers. This retreat, and the warming which it implies,
will have not only important scientific consequences but also socio-economic consequences in areas where glacier melt-water
is an important component of the water supply.
Glaciers preserve records of climate and the environment through both the isotopic composition of the water molecules, and
through the chemicals 'trapped' in the snow, firn and ice layers. In polythermal (i.e., cold) glaciers where only limited
melt occurs, the isotopic and chemical signals remain largely undisturbed, and ice cores can provide excellent high
resolution records of past conditions. In temperate glaciers, where the ice is at its pressure melting point throughout,
diffusion processes are much more rapid, and summer melt and run-off can drastically alter the chemical composition. Much of
the climatic and environmental information is destroyed.
This presentation will discuss the very serious concern that so many middle and low latitude glaciers are retreating and
warming. The CliC Project recognizes an urgent need to recover ice cores from all non-polar glaciated regions before warming
affects the glaciers and removes the information they contain. Without such information our ability to understand the climate
changes that have occurred in the world's mountainous regions will be restricted, and our ability to model and predict
future climate will be severely impaired.
DE: 3344 Paleoclimatology
DE: 3319 General circulation
DE: 1827 Glaciology (1863)
DE: 1863 Snow and ice (1827)
DE: 1600 GLOBAL CHANGE (New category)
SC: Cryosphere [C]
MN: 2004 AGU Fall Meeting