HR: 10:50h
AN: H32B-03    [Abstracts]
TI: HydroSphere: Fully-Integrated, Surface/Subsurface Numerical Model for Watershed Analysis of Hydrologic, Water Quality and Sedimentation Processes
AU: * Matanga, G B
EM: gmatanga@mp.usbr.gov
AF: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 2800 Cottage Way, Sacramento, CA 95825 United States
AU: Nelson, K E
EM: knelson@mp.usbr.gov
AF: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 2800 Cottage Way, Sacramento, CA 95825 United States
AU: Sudicky, E
AF: University of Waterloo, Department of Earth Sciences, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
AU: Therrien, R
AF: Laval University, Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Quebec City, QC G1X 2X6 Canada
AU: Panday, S
AF: HydroGeoLogic, Inc., 1155 Herndon Parkway, Suite 900, Herndon, VA 20170 United States
AU: McLaren, R
AF: University of Waterloo, Department of Earth Sciences, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
AU: DeMarco, D
AF: HydroGeoLogic, Inc., 1155 Herndon Parkway, Suite 900, Herndon, VA 20170 United States
AU: Gessford, L
AF: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 2800 Cottage Way, Sacramento, CA 95825 United States
AB: A distributed, physically based and fully-coupled surface/subsurface numerical model, HydroSphere, has recently been developed for watershed analysis of hydrologic and water quality processes. It accounts for flow and transport in lateral two-dimensional surface water, one-dimensional tile drains and three-dimensional variably-saturated subsurface water. One-, two- and three-dimensional forms of the advection-dispersion equation are used to describe solute transport in the tile drains, surface water and subsurface water, respectively. Full integration of the surface, tile-drain and subsurface water regimes is achieved by assembling and solving one system of discrete algebraic equations, such that surface flow rates and water depths, tile-drain flow rates and water depths, subsurface pressure heads, saturations and velocities, as well as water fluxes between continua, are determined simultaneously. Likewise, discrete advective-dispersive transport equations for the various continua are solved simultaneously to obtain the solute concentrations in the surface, tile-drain and subsurface systems. One of the major issues calling for capabilities of surface/subsurface water interactions, water quality and erosion/sedimentation is the optimal management of water supply for fish and agricultural irrigation. For example, the USGS has demonstrated that the massive September 2002 fish-kill in the Klamath River Basin was caused by low 2002 streamflows and the resulting high water temperatures. The streams in the Klamath River Basin are fed primarily by ground water. The 2002 streamflows were lower than the flows predicted by Bureau of Reclamation based on the snowpack data alone, neglecting subsurface water data. It is also well-known that erosion/sedimentation processes impair fish habitat by impacting spawning gravel areas and upstream migration to spawning areas. The models currently being applied in the Klamath River Basin and in all Bureau of Reclamation Regions completely neglect surface/subsurface water interaction, or use sequential time lag or iterative approach. Given the limitations of these models with respect to surface/subsurface water interaction, it is imperative to enhance HydroSphere with additional capabilities to make it applicable to the major problems being faced in Western U.S. watersheds. In this paper, incorporation of capabilities to simulate temperature, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and erosion/sedimentation processes into HydroSphere is presented. The two-dimensional surface water representation of HydroSphere will also be extended to three dimensional, with expected benefit to process simulation in lakes/reservoirs.
DE: 6309 Decision making under uncertainty
DE: 6615 Legislation and regulation
DE: 1803 Anthropogenic effects
DE: 1836 Hydrologic budget (1655)
DE: 1600 GLOBAL CHANGE (New category)
SC: Hydrology [H]
MN: 2004 AGU Fall Meeting