HR: 0800h
AN: MR11A-0931 [Abstracts]
TI: Modelling the physical properties of cracked rocks
using fracture mechanics and statistical physics
AU: Benson, P
EM: p.benson@ucl.ac.uk
AF: Mineral Ice and Rock Physics
laboratory, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT
United Kingdom
AU: * Schubnel, A
EM: alexandre.schubnel@utoronto.ca
AF: Lassonde Institute, University of Toronto,
170 College street, Toronto, On M5S 3E3
Canada
AU: Vinciguerra, S
EM: vinciguerra@ov.ingv.it
AF: Osservatorio Vesuviano - INGV, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Naples, 80124
Italy
AU: Hazzard, J
EM: hazzard@rocscience.com
AF: Rocscience Inc., 439 University Ave. #780
, Toronto, On M5G 1Y8
Canada
AU: Young, R
EM: paul.young@utoronto.ca
AF: Lassonde Institute, University of Toronto,
170 College street, Toronto, On M5S 3E3
Canada
AU: Meredith, P
EM: p.meredith@ucl.ac.uk
AF: Mineral Ice and Rock Physics
laboratory, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT
United Kingdom
AB:
Cracks play a major role in most rocks submitted to crustal
conditions. Mechanically, cracks make the rock much more
compliant. They also make it much easier for fluid to flow through
any rock body. Relying on Fracture Mechanics and Statistical
Physics, we introduce a few key concepts which allow to understand
and quantify how cracks do modify both the elastic and transport
properties of rocks. The main different schemes which can be used
to derive the elastic effective moduli of a rock are presented. It
is shown from experimental results that an excellent approximation
is the so called non-interactive scheme (Kachanov [1994]). The
main consequences of the existence of cracks on the elastic waves
is the development of elastic anisotropy due to the anisotropic
distribution of crack orientations and the dispersion effect due
to microscopic local fluid flow.
Experimental data and model fit on very different rock types
(basalt, granite and marbles) show both of these behaviors. We
perform a simple least square fit inversion of our data in order
to recover the common evolution of the crack density and aspect
ratio with stress. The agreement between data and predicted
velocities is in general very good, with average error between
model and data points lower than 0.1km/sec, demonstrating that
the inversion was very stable as a direct
consequence of the well constrained laboratory data.
At a larger scale, macroscopic fluid flow takes place through the
crack network above the percolation threshold. Two macroscopic
fluid flow regimes can be distinguished: the percolative regime
close to the percolation threshold and the connected regime well
above it. Using Statistical Physics and permeability models based
on Gu\'eguen and Dienes [1989], we also show how to successfully
predict the evolution of permeability, again for comparison to
well constrained laboratory results. These results clearly
demonstrate the importance of understanding the details of
specific rock physical properties, and how they change in response
to pressure and temperature in interpreting data from field-scale.
UR: http://www.lassondeinstitute.utoronto.ca/young/people/alex2.htm
DE: 5102 Acoustic properties
DE: 5104 Fracture and flow
DE: 5114 Permeability and porosity
DE: 5139 Transport properties
DE: 5144 Wave attenuation
SC: Mineral and Rock Physics [MR]
MN: 2004 AGU Fall Meeting