HR: 17:45h
AN: OS24B-08    [Abstracts]
TI: Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century
AU: * Orr, J C
EM: orr@cea.fr
AF: LSCE/CEA Saclay , Bat 709, L'Orme , Gif-sur-Yvette, F-91191 France
AU: Fabry, V J
EM: fabry@csusm.edu
AF: Dept. of Biol. Sciences, California State University , San Marcos, CA 92096 United States
AU: Aumont, O
EM: Olivier.Aumont@lodyc.jussieu.fr
AF: LODyC , 4 Place Jussieu, Paris, 75252 France
AU: Bopp, L
EM: bopp@lsce.saclay.cea.fr
AF: LSCE/CEA Saclay , Bat 709, L'Orme , Gif-sur-Yvette, F-91191 France
AU: Caldeira, K
EM: kenc@llnl.gov
AF: LLNL, 7000 East Ave., L-103, Livermore, CA 94550 United States
AU: Wickett, M E
EM: wickett@llnl.gov
AF: LLNL, 7000 East Ave., L-103, Livermore, CA 94550 United States
AU: Doney, S C
EM: sdoney@whoi.edu
AF: WHOI, Bigelow 209b-MS 11, Woods Hole, MA 02543 United States
AU: Feely, R A
EM: richard.a.feely@noaa.gov
AF: PMEL/NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE, Seattle, WA 98115 United States
AU: Sabine, C L
EM: chris.sabine@noaa.gov
AF: PMEL/NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE, Seattle, WA 98115 United States
AU: Follows, M
EM: mick@plume.mit.edu
AF: Program in Atmospheres, Oceans and Climate, MIT, 77 Mass. Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 United States
AU: Gruber, N
EM: ngruber@igpp.ucla.edu
AF: IGPP, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 United States
AU: Plattner, G
EM: plattner@igpp.ucla.edu
AF: IGPP, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 United States
AU: Ishida, A
EM: ishidaa@jamstec.go.jp
AF: Frontier, 3173-25 Showamachi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0001 Japan
AU: Yamanaka, Y
EM: galapen@ees.hokudai.ac.jp
AF: Frontier, 3173-25 Showamachi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0001 Japan
AU: Joos, F
EM: joos@climate.unibe.ch
AF: PIUB, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, Bern, CH-3012 Switzerland
AU: Gnanadesikan, A
EM: gnana@splash.Princeton.edu
AF: GFDL/NOAA, P.O. Box 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 United States
AU: Key, R M
EM: key@princeton.edu
AF: AOS Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 United States
AU: Sarmiento, J L
EM: jls@princeton.edu
AF: AOS Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 United States
AU: Slater, R D
EM: rdslater@splash.Princeton.edu
AF: AOS Program, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 United States
AU: Lindsay, K
EM: klindsay@cgd.ucar.edu
AF: NCAR, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 United States
AU: Maier-Reimer, E
EM: maier-reimer@dkrz.de
AF: MPIM, Bundesstrasse 55, Hamburg, D-20146 Germany
AU: Matear, R
EM: Richard.Matear@csiro.au
AF: CSIRO, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, 7001 Australia
AU: Monfray, P
EM: monfray@cnes.fr
AF: LEGOS, 18 Ave. Ed. Belin, Toulouse, 31401 France
AU: Mouchet, A
EM: A.Mouchet@ulg.ac.be
AF: LPAP, Universit‚ de LiŠge, All‚e du 6 ao–t, 17, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Belgium
AU: Najjar, R G
EM: najjar@essc.psu.edu
AF: Dept. of Meteorology , Penn. State University, University Park, PA 16802 United States
AU: Schlitzer, R
EM: rschlitzer@AWI-Bremerhaven.de
AF: AWI, for Polar and Marine Research , Bremerhaven, D-27568 Germany
AU: Weirig, M
EM: mweirig@AWI-Bremerhaven.de
AF: AWI, for Polar and Marine Research , Bremerhaven, D-27568 Germany
AU: Yool, A
EM: Andrew.Yool@soc.soton.ac.uk
AF: SOC, Empress Dock, Southampton, SO14 3AZ United Kingdom
AU: Totterdell, I
EM: ian.totterdell@metoffice.com
AF: SOC, Empress Dock, Southampton, SO14 3AZ United Kingdom
AB: The surface ocean is everywhere saturated with calcium carbonate (CaCO$_3$). Yet increasing atmospheric CO$_2$ reduces ocean pH and carbonate ion concentration and thus the level of saturation. Here we show with ocean data and models that due to this anthropogenic acidification, some surface waters will become undersaturated within decades. When atmospheric CO$_2$ reaches 550 ppmv, in year 2050 under the IS92a business-as-usual scenario, Southern Ocean surface waters begin to become undersaturated with respect to aragonite, a metastable form of CaCO$_3$. By 2100 as atmospheric CO$_2$ reaches 788 ppmv, undersaturation extends throughout the entire Southern Ocean ($<$60$^\circ$S) and into the surbarctic Pacific. Meanwhile, Weddell Sea surface waters also become undersaturated with respect to calcite, the stable form of CaCO$_3$. These transient changes are much larger than seasonal, interannual, and decadal variability. They threaten high-latitude aragonite secreting organisms including cold-water corals, which provide essential fish habitat, and shelled pteropods, i.e., zooplankton that serve as an abundant food source for marine predators.
UR: http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr/OCMIP
DE: 4842 Modeling
DE: 4255 Numerical modeling
DE: 4263 Ocean prediction
DE: 1635 Oceans (4203)
SC: Ocean Sciences [OS]
MN: 2004 AGU Fall Meeting