HR: 1340h
AN: S13D-1084 [Abstracts]
TI: The Influence of the Geometry of the San Andreas Fault System on Earthquakes in California
AU: * Li, Q
EM: qlpkd@mizzou.edu
AF: University of Missouri-Columbia, 101 Geology Building, MU, Columbia, MO 65211
United States
AU: Liu, M
EM: lium@missouri.edu
AF: University of Missouri-Columbia, 101 Geology Building, MU, Columbia, MO 65211
United States
AB:
The San Andreas Fault is believed to be the main surface trace of the plate boundary between the North American and the
Pacific plates. From 1800 to present, three large historical earthquakes (1857 M7.9, 1906 M8.25, and 1989 M7.1) ruptured the
San Andreas Fault. At the same time, more than a dozen M$>$7.0 earthquakes occurred outside the main trace of the San Andreas
Fault. Most of the off-main-trace large earthquakes were scattered in Southern California, whereas in northern and central
California, earthquakes were clustered along the main trace of the San Andreas Fault. Such a seismic distribution may be
related to the geometry of the San Andreas Fault, which is curved with a major bending in southern California. In this study,
we constructed a finite element model to explore the influence of the geometry of the San Andreas Fault system on stress
distribution and seismicity in California. In the model, the San Andreas Fault is simulated with a weak zone that obeys the
Coulomb Friction Law. The model results show that along relative straight segments of the San Andreas Fault in northern and
central California, fault slip on the main fault trace causes low level stresses in nearby regions. Along the bended San
Andreas Fault in southern California, however, the relative plate motion causes significant off-main-trace stress buildup,
consistent with the distribution of large historical earthquakes outside the San Andreas Fault.
DE: 7230 Seismicity and seismotectonics
DE: 7260 Theory and modeling
DE: 7200 SEISMOLOGY
DE: 7209 Earthquake dynamics and mechanics
SC: Seismology [S]
MN: 2004 AGU Fall Meeting