HR: 1340h
AN: T33B-1388 [Abstracts]
TI: The Interaction Between the Caribbean Plate and the Products of the Galapagos Hotspot in Southern Costa
Rica: A Transition from Subduction Accretion to Erosion
AU: * Vannucchi, P
EM: paolav@geo.unifi.it
AF: University of Florence, Via La Pira, 4, Firenze, 50121
Italy
AU: Fisher, D M
EM: fisher@geosc.psu.edu
AF: Pennsylvania State University, Deike Blg., University Park, PA 16802
United States
AU: Gardner, T W
EM: tgardner@trinity.edu
AF: Trinity College, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX 78212
United States
AU: Bier, S
EM: sbier@geosc.psu.edu
AF: Pennsylvania State University, Deike Blg., University Park, PA 16802
United States
AB:
The Costa Rica portion of the Middle America Trench (MAT) is characterised by active tectonic erosion, a process that causes
the removal of material from the base of the upper plate as the plate boundary migrates upward. Offshore studies demonstrate
accelerated subduction erosion starting at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, as the result of subduction of thickened/Galapagos
related crust, as presently represented by the Cocos Ridge. The subduction of the Cocos Ridge also caused the uplift of the
outer forearc and its exposure in the Osa peninsula, which offers a window to explore the tectonic evolution of the area. The
rocks outcropping on Osa Peninsula are of a Middle Eocene-Late Oligocene m‚lange dominated by basalt, chert and limestone.
The igneous elements of the m‚lange and the coherent igneous rocks present inboard the m‚lange, still on the Osa peninsula,
have a volcanic island chemical affinity, that together with the younger age, demonstrate they belong to an event different
than the one which produced the Caribbean plate. The m‚lange and the coherent igneous rocks represent a tectonic rock
assemblage accreted prior to the arrival of the Cocos Ridge, during subduction of seamounts. The accretion-dominated period
of the MAT evolution ended at the Miocene Pliocene boundary, when continuously thickened crust produced at the Galapagos
hotspot arrived at the trench. The thick crust caused uplift and severe tectonic erosion of the accretionary edifice allowing
exhumation of the Osa M‚lange. The change for accretion to erosion caused the outer forearc to be offset along sub-vertical
faults that define small (km-size) blocks that are going through differential vertical movements in response to the
morphology of the subducting ridge. Subduction accretion and erosion are two processes that can alternate in time or coexist
along the same margin, so that mass removal can develop on a previously growing margin and completely remove an accretionary
prism.
DE: 9360 South America
DE: 8025 Mesoscopic fabrics
DE: 8045 Role of fluids
DE: 8105 Continental margins and sedimentary basins
DE: 8120 Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle--general
SC: Tectonophysics [T]
MN: 2004 AGU Fall Meeting