HR: 08:05h
AN: A11D-01 INVITED [Abstracts]
TI: Air Pollution in Megacities: Sources and Regional/Global Effects
AU: * Artaxo, P
EM: artaxo@if.usp.br
AF: Instituto de Física da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Rua do Matao, Travessa R, 187, Sao
Paulo, S.P 05508-900, Brazil
AB:
Air Pollution in Megacities is increasing significantly in all continents. The socio-economic and health problems
are escalating, especially in developing countries. In terms of sources, urban transportation is relevant in most
cities, as well as industrial pollution. In Latin American Cities such as Sao Paulo, Mexico City and Santiago,
serious governmental efforts are being doing to reduce emissions and effects. Latin America has about 300
cities with population above 300.000 people. In Sao Paulo, the significant increase in the use of ethanol as fuel
brings important increase in aldehyde concentrations. In all 3 Megacities, high aerosol concentrations are
observed, with clear effects on population health. Large studies on aerosol source apportionment were done in
these 3 cities, and detailed results will be presented. Quantification of aerosol sources is a problem, especially in
the organic aerosol component that is high in most of Megacities. In Asia and Africa, the problems are similar as
in Latin America, and the large emissions from these urban centers are relevant and needs to be taken into
account in policies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
DE: 0305 Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801, 4906)
DE: 0345 Pollution: urban and regional (0305, 0478, 4251)
DE: 0365 Troposphere: composition and chemistry
DE: 0368 Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry
SC: Atmospheric Sciences [A]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting