HR: 0800h
AN: H11B-0483 [Abstracts]
TI: Numerical Modeling of Multiphase Fluid Flow in Ore-Forming Hydrothermal Systems
AU: * Weis, P
EM: weis@erdw.ethz.ch
AF: Fluids and Mineral Deposits Group, ETH Zurich, Insitute of Isotope Geochemistry and
Mineral Resources, ETH Zentrum NW, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
AU: Driesner, T
EM: driesner@erdw.ethz.ch
AF: Fluids and Mineral Deposits Group, ETH Zurich, Insitute of Isotope Geochemistry and
Mineral Resources, ETH Zentrum NW, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
AU: Coumou, D
EM: coumou@erdw.ethz.ch
AF: Fluids and Mineral Deposits Group, ETH Zurich, Insitute of Isotope Geochemistry and
Mineral Resources, ETH Zentrum NW, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
AU: Heinrich, C A
EM: heinrich@erdw.ethz.ch
AF: Fluids and Mineral Deposits Group, ETH Zurich, Insitute of Isotope Geochemistry and
Mineral Resources, ETH Zentrum NW, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
AB:
Two coexisting fluid phases - a variably saline liquid and a vapor phase - are ubiquitous in ore-forming and other
hydrothermal systems. Understanding the dynamics of phase separation and the distinct physical and chemical
evolution of the two fluids probably plays a key role in generating different ore deposit types, e.g. porphyry type,
high and low sulfidation Cu-Mo-Au deposits. To this end, processes within hydrothermal systems have been
studied with a refined numerical model describing fluid flow in transient porous media (CSP~5.0). The model is
formulated on a mass, energy and momentum conserving finite-element-finite-volume (FEFV) scheme and is
capable of simulating multiphase flow of NaCl-H20 fluids. Fluid properties are computed from an improved
equation of state (SOWAT~2.0). It covers conditions with temperatures of up to 1000 degrees~C, pressures of up
to 500 MPa, and fluid salinities of 0~to 100%~NaCl. In particular, the new set-up allows for a more accurate
description of fluid phase separation during boiling of hydrothermal fluids into a vapor and a brine phase. The
geometric flexibility of the FEFV-meshes allows for investigations of a large variety of geological settings, ranging
from ore-forming processes in magmatic hydrothermal system to the dynamics of black smokers at mid-ocean
ridges. Simulations demonstrated that hydrothermal convection patterns above cooling plutons are primarily
controlled by the system-scale permeability structure. In porphyry systems, high fluid pressures develop in a
stock rising from the magma chamber which can lead to rock failure and, eventually, an increase in permeability
due to hydrofracturing. Comparisons of the thermal evolution as inferred from modeling studies with data from
fluid inclusion studies of the Pb-Zn deposits of Madan, Bulgaria are in a strikingly good agreement. This indicates
that cross-comparisons of field observations, analytical data and numerical simulations will become a powerful
tool towards a more thorough understanding of hydrothermal fluid processes. One such attempt will incorporate
geometric data of veins in the Bingham porphyry Cu-Mo-Au deposit into our numerical model. The presentation
will introduce the numerical model and show examples and first results of the aforementioned applications.
DE: 1847 Modeling
DE: 3611 Thermodynamics (0766, 1011, 8411)
DE: 3653 Fluid flow
DE: 8424 Hydrothermal systems (0450, 1034, 3017, 3616, 4832, 8135)
SC: Hydrology [H]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting