HR: 0800h
AN: IN21A-0078 [Abstracts]
TI: Detection of regional events using streaming GPS
AU: * Granat, R
EM: granat@jpl.nasa.gov
AF: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr.,
Pasadena, CA 91109,
AU: Pierce, M
EM: mpierce@cs.indiana.edu
AF: Indiana University, 105 S. Morton Ave., Bloomington, IN 47404,
AU: Gao, X
EM: gao4@indiana.edu
AF: Indiana University, 105 S. Morton Ave., Bloomington, IN 47404,
AU: Bock, Y
EM: ybock@ucsd.edu
AF: Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr.,
San Diego, CA 92093,
AB:
In recent years, GPS measurements of surface displacement have proved critical
to understanding earthquake fault systems. As well as measuring the deformation
resulting from tectonic processes and seismic events, there has been increasing
evidence that GPS sensors are capable of detecting signals associated with
"slow earthquakes" and stress transfer between faults. Our hypothesis is that
there may be subtle signals of these processes that have remained undetected
at the level of individual sensors but can be detected by using the aggregated
information from multiple sensors.
To this end, we present a method for detecting regional events that combines
statistical analysis of individual sensor measurements to detect signals
within a region of interest covered by a GPS network or sub-network. This
method is applicable not only to archived data but also to real-time streaming
data, and so offers the possibility of being used in alert-type service.
In our approach, time series from individual sensors is first segmented into
discrete modes according to statistical properties of the data. This is
accomplished using an algorithm for robust, unconstrained fitting of hidden
Markov models (HMMs); tests indicate that this significantly method
outperforms standard approaches for a variety of data types, including GPS
time series. The resulting segmented time series from individual stations
are then compared to one another and incidences of correlated mode changes
between sensors are tallied. A significant signal at a particular time is
indicated by a high number of correlated mode changes between network members.
This technique has been integrated into a web portal/web services environment
that facilitates the simultaneous analysis of data from multiple GPS stations,
provides a web-baed interface to the method, and direct access to streaming
real-time as well as archived GPS data sources. We demonstrate our approach
using GPS position data provided by the Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array
Center (SOPAC). A map-based visualization interface allows for use as a
interactive analysis tool.
DE: 1207 Transient deformation (6924, 7230, 7240)
DE: 3270 Time series analysis (1872, 4277, 4475)
DE: 7230 Seismicity and tectonics (1207, 1217, 1240, 1242)
SC: Earth and Space Science Informatics [IN]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting