HR: 08:00h
AN: PP51E-01 INVITED [Abstracts]
TI: Modelling Pliocene Warmth: Contribution of Atmosphere, Oceans and Cryosphere Revisited
AU: * Haywood, A M
EM: a.haywood@see.leeds.ac.uk
AF: University of Leeds, School of Earth and Environment, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
AU: Lunt, D J
AF: University of Bristol, School of Geographical Sciences, University Road, Bristol, BS8 1SS,
United Kingdom
AB:
In 2004, Haywood and Valdes published the first fully coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM (OAGCM) study of the mid
Pliocene. The work was performed to determine the relative role of the atmosphere, oceans and cryosphere in
driving/maintaining elevated global temperatures during the mid Pliocene warm period. The model (the HadCM3
GCM) was initialised with boundary conditions derived from the U.S. Geological Survey PRISM data set and an
atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations of 400 ppmv.
The results from the 2004 study were based on a single model run in which all the boundary conditions were
changed simultaneously to a mid Pliocene state. This made it difficult to ascertain the exact contribution of each
boundary condition change to mid Pliocene warmth. Furthermore, the length of the model integration was
insufficient to allow a full equilibrium condition to be reached.
Here we present the results from an ensemble of fully coupled OAGCM simulations using the HadCM3 GCM. Our
mid Pliocene control run, incorporating a full suite of palaeo-boundary conditions, has now been integrated for
more than 850 simulated years. An additional four simulations have been performed which track the principal
environmental changes that occurred between the mid Pliocene and pre-industrial (simulation 1. mid Pliocene
but with pre-industrial CO2; simulation 2. mid Pliocene with pre-industrial CO2 and modern ice sheets;
simulation 3. mid Pliocene with pre-industrial CO2, modern ice sheets and soils but retaining mid Pliocene
vegetation in non-glaciated regions; simulation 4. pre-industrial).
Results from this ensemble of experiments broadly support the conclusions of the 2004 study indicating that
elevated CO2 and the smaller Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet provide the largest contribution to mid Pliocene
warmth. Changes in orography, soils and vegetation provide additional but minor contributions. Our control mid
Pliocene simulation continues to indicate no increase relative to the pre-industrial in ocean heat transport from
the tropics to the high latitudes and no enhancement in thermohaline circulation.
DE: 1610 Atmosphere (0315, 0325)
DE: 1620 Climate dynamics (0429, 3309)
DE: 1621 Cryospheric change (0776)
DE: 1635 Oceans (1616, 3305, 4215, 4513)
DE: 4928 Global climate models (1626, 3337)
SC: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology [PP]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting