HR: 11:20h
AN: T32A-05 [Abstracts]
TI: Elevated Passive Continental Margins may form much Later than the time of Rifting
AU: * Chalmers, J A
EM: jac@geus.dk
AF: GEUS, Oester Voldgade 10, Copenhagen, DK-1350, Denmark
AU: Japsen, P
EM: jp@geus.dk
AF: GEUS, Oester Voldgade 10, Copenhagen, DK-1350, Denmark
AU: Green, P F
AF: Geotrack International, 37 Melville Road, Brunswick West, VIC 3055, Australia
AU: Bonow, J
AF: GEUS, Oester Voldgade 10, Copenhagen, DK-1350, Denmark
AU: Lidmar-Bergstrom, K
AF: Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University,
Stockholm, SE-1069, Sweden
AB:
Many current models of the development of elevated passive continental margins assume that they are either the
remains of foot-wall uplift at the time of rifting or due to underplating by magma from a plume or other mantle
source. We have studied the rift and post-rift history of such a passive margin in West and South Greenland and
have concluded that the present-day elevations developed 25-60 million years after cessation of rifting and local
volcanism, suggesting that additional factors need to be considered when modelling such margins.
The morphology of West Greenland is similar to that of other elevated passive margins ion many parts of the
world. There are high-level, large-scale, quasi-planar landscapes (planation surfaces) at altitudes of 1-2 km cut
by deeply incised valleys. The gradient from the highest ground to the coast is much steeper than that away from
the coast.
We combined analysis of the morphology of the landscape with studies of fission tracks and the preserved
stratigraphic record both on- and off-shore. Rifting and the commencement of sea-floor spreading in the Early
Paleogene was accompanied by voluminous high-temperature volcanism. Kilometer-scale uplift at the time of
rifting was followed shortly afterwards by kilometer-scale subsidence and possibly by transgression of marine
sediments across the rift margin. The present elevated margin formed during three episodes of uplift during the
Neogene, 25-60 million years after the cessation of rifting and local volcanism. The quasi-planar planation
surfaces presently at 1-2 km altitude are the end-products of denudation to near sea-level in the mid- and late
Cenozoic and these surfaces were uplifted to their present altitudes during the Neogene events. Rivers then
incised the summit surface to form valleys that were further enlarged and deepened by glaciers.
Similar elevated margins exist all around the northern North Atlantic and in many other parts of the world; eastern
North America, on both sides of the South Atlantic, western India, eastern Australia, and possibly in Antarctica.
Our results show that we cannot simply assume that these elevations were produced either at the time of rifting
or as underplating at the time of plume impact. There is, however, no general agreement as to what caused them
and we suggest that the history of these margins need to be re-assessed in the light of our results.
DE: 8105 Continental margins: divergent (1212, 8124)
DE: 8159 Rheology: crust and lithosphere (8031)
DE: 8178 Tectonics and magmatism
SC: Tectonophysics [T]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting