HR: 1340h
AN: T53B-1307 [Abstracts]
TI: Deep-Towed Sidescan Sonar Studies of Amagmatic Spreading Centres: the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 13N
AU: * Mallows, C
EM: christopher.mallows@dur.ac.uk
AF: Durham University, Dept. Of Earth Sciences
Science Labs, Durham, DH13LE, United Kingdom
AU: Searle, R C
EM: r.c.searle@dur.ac.uk
AF: Durham University, Dept. Of Earth Sciences
Science Labs, Durham, DH13LE, United Kingdom
AU: Party, J S
EM: christopher.mallows@dur.ac.uk
AB:
In areas of sparse magmatism, plate separation is accommodated predominately by tectonic processes, which
is often observed in the form of long-lived detachment faults exhuming lower crustal rocks and mantle peridotites
to the seafloor. During research cruise JC007, a number of these oceanic core complexes (OCCs) recently
identified by Smith et al. (2006) along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) were imaged using the National
Oceanography Centres Towed Ocean Bottom Instrument (TOBI). Sidescan sonar data were collected across two
active OCCs at 1320N and 1330N and one inactive OCC at 1350N, including the intervening regions. We made
extensive use of 3-D Fledermaus visualisations during our interpretations, and will include these in our
presentation.
The sidescan sonar data show distinct similarities between the two active OCCs. They both appear as large
domal detachment surfaces being exhumed from beneath the ridge axis that are capped by a complexly
deformed central massif and volcanic ridge at the breakaway (as suggested by Smith et al, 2006). The structures
extend for c.20km off axis and c.10km along axis, and the detachment faults are characterised by large-scale
spreading-parallel bathymetric corrugations and fine scale striations (interpreted as streams of basalt derived
from tectonic erosional screes imaged at the terminations). The hanging walls above the zones of emergence of
the detachment faults exhibit faulting that appears to trend from the ridge axis (N and S of the OCC) towards the
spreading direction (at the OCC). The neo-volcanic zones along the ridge axis are apparently absent opposite
active OCC formation, which is likely indicative of predominately tectonic spreading. In the regions between the
active OCCs, sidescan sonar imagery shows a clear neo-volcanic zone at the ridge axis, indicating robust
magmatic plate separation and accretion. The extinct OCC is characterised by heavy sediment cover over a much
shallower detachment surface, presumably due to rotation and subsequent termination of the footwall.
References
Smith, D.K., Cann, J.R. & Escartin, J. Widespread active detachment faulting and core complex formation near
13N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Nature, v.442/27, p.440-443, 2006.
DE: 3040 Plate tectonics (8150, 8155, 8157, 8158)
DE: 8118 Dynamics and mechanics of faulting (8004)
DE: 8178 Tectonics and magmatism
DE: 8199 General or miscellaneous
SC: Tectonophysics [T]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting