HR: 0800h
AN: V31E-0715 [Abstracts]
TI: STUDY NEW PREGRESS ON VOLCANIC PHREATOMAGMATIC ERUPTION
AU: Sun, Q
EM: qiansunstr@sina.com
AF: Institute of Geology, China Earthquake, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake
Administration, P.O.Box 9803£¬Beijing, China, Beijing, 100029, China
AU: * Fan, Q
EM: fqc@ies.ac.cn
AF: Institute of Geology, China Earthquake, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake
Administration, P.O.Box 9803£¬Beijing, China, Beijing, 100029, China
AU: Li, N
EM: lini67@sina.com
AF: Institute of Geology, China Earthquake, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake
Administration, P.O.Box 9803£¬Beijing, China, Beijing, 100029, China
AB:
As an essential and important type of volcanic eruption on earth, phreatomagmatic eruption is characterized by
groundwater-related explosive eruption and subsequent base surge deposit and maar lakes. Base surge
deposit and maar lakes are widely distributed all over the world, and also in the Northeast China and the
southern China. Study of phreatomagmatic eruption maybe dated back to 1921, and in the following over 80
years, many works have been done on phreatomagmatic eruption, using various of methods of volcanic geology,
petrology, sedimentology, physical volcanology and digital modeling, to discuss its origin and mechanism. In this
paper, we focus on the geological feature of the base surge deposit and dynamic mechanism of the
phreatomagmatic eruption.
When ascending basaltic magma meets with ground ( surface ) water, violent explosion would occur, this action
was called phreatomagmatic eruption. The main product of this kind of eruption are maars and base surge. As to
the base surge, it has long been treated as sedimentary tuff by mistake. Usually, base surge is distributed
around maar, different from the distribution of sedimentary tuff. Typical phenomena of base surge caused by
phreatomagmatic eruption can be observed through the detail field work, such as large-scale and low-angle
cross-bedding, slaty-bedding, current-bedding and distal facies accretionary lapilli.
In order to explain the dynamic mechanism of phreatomagmatic eruption thoroughly, we propose a simple model
in this paper in light of the elasticity theory. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows: the larger the radius of
maar, the larger the explosive wallop needed for the formation of maar is; provided that the radius of maar and
depth of explosive point are limited, then the larger the area of contact surface between magma and groundwater,
the stronger the explosive energy will be; if the explosive energy and area of explosive point are restricted, the
larger the radius of maar, the greater the depth of explosive point can be inferred; when the explosive energy and
radius of maar are qualified, the depth of explosive point decreases with increasing of the area of contact surface
between magma and groundwater. As for the maximum stress, undoubtedly it should occur on the surface of the
overlying formation.
DE: 1009 Geochemical modeling (3610, 8410)
DE: 3610 Geochemical modeling (1009, 8410)
SC: Volcanology, Geochemistry, Petrology [V]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting