HR: 10:35h
AN: V32B-02 [Abstracts]
TI: Low-Temperature Thermochronology of Borehole and Surface Samples From the Wind River and Beartooth Laramide Ranges, Wyoming and Montana, USA
AU: * Peyton, S L
EM: speyton@email.arizona.edu
AF: University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences
1040 E 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
AU: Reiners, P W
EM: reiners@email.arizona.edu
AF: University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences
1040 E 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
AB:
We dated borehole and surface samples from the Wind River and Beartooth Laramide-age, basement-cored
uplifts of the Rocky Mountain foreland using the apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) system. Comparison of these results to
previously published apatite fission-track (AFT) data along with the incorporation of new He diffusion models
(Shuster et al., 2006), reveals several new insights into, and poses new interpretational challenges for, the
shallow exhumation histories of these ranges. Deep (2.2-2.8 km below surface) borehole samples from the Wind
River Range have AHe ages of 9-12 Ma, and suggest at least 600 m of rapid exhumation during the Miocene.
Shallower samples range from 35-66 Ma and are consistent with exhumation of a fossil partial retention zone.
Previously-published apatite fission track (AFT) data from the same borehole show at least 2 km of rapid
exhumation at ~45-38 Ma at depths where AHe ages are 9-50 Ma. This contrasts with the AHe ages which
show slow exhumation between 12-66 Ma and have a trend on an age-elevation plot that appears to cut across
the AFT age trend. Forward modeling of the cooling ages of these data using well-constrained thermal histories
and conventional Durango apatite He diffusion data cannot explain these coupled AFT-AHe age-elevation
relationships. However, modeling using diffusion kinetics of the Shuster et al. radiation-damage trapping model
can explain the observed age trends, including the apparent presence of a 45-38 Ma exhumation event in the AFT
data and its absence in the AHe data. In the model the shallow samples do not reach high enough temperatures
for annealing of accumulated radiation damage, so He is trapped and ages are much older than predicted by
conventional diffusion models. Previously-published AFT data from the Beartooth Range also show a large
Laramide-age exhumation event, dated at 57-52 Ma. Similar to our observations from the Wind River Range, this
event is not represented in our AHe results from borehole samples, which instead show slow cooling between at
least 63-10 Ma. The trapping model predicts that the observed AHe age of a single apatite grain will be
proportional to its effective Uranium content (eU), a proxy for radiation damage. Multiple single-grain replicates
from a sample from the Wind River borehole are consistent with this, showing a strong correlation with eU.
Although the trapping-diffusion model explains the coupled AFT-AHe data of borehole samples, surface samples
from the Fremont Peak area in the Wind River Range have AHe ages that are older than the corresponding
previously-published AFT ages over the 1.2 km elevation traverse sampled. AFT ages show ~1 km of rapid
exhumation at ~62-58 Ma; corresponding AHe ages are as much as 20 Myr older. Although the radiation
damage trapping model predicts that some AHe ages may be older than the corresponding AFT ages, thermal-
diffusion forward models cannot explain these large age differences over such a large sampling interval, even if
trapping model kinetic parameters are varied by 5%. Thus, discrepancies in AFT and AHe ages of these surficial
samples remain problematic.
The thermal histories required to approximate the borehole data require burial up to the end of the Cretaceous of
~3-4 km followed by at least two phases of cooling and exhumation. The first and larger cooling event of
several tens of degrees (~3-4 km of exhumation) occurred during the Paleocene-Eocene, followed by a
smaller cooling event of a few tens of degrees (~1 km of exhumation) during the Miocene.
DE: 1140 Thermochronology
SC: Volcanology, Geochemistry, Petrology [V]
MN: 2007 Fall Meeting