Systematics Posters
Presiding: E Marti, Centre d'Estudis Avancats de Blanes (CSIC); C Hoagstrom, South Dakota State University
NB33A-01 1330h
The Genus Antillopsyche Banks (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) and Reevaluation of its Position Within the Phylogeny of the Suborder Annulipaplia
The genus Antillopsyche Banks 1941 is a Greater Antilles endemic with 4 extant species, A. ayacara Botosaneanu 1980, A. demma Botosaneanu 1996, A. tubicola Flint 1964, and A. wrighti Banks 1941, and one fossil species, A. oliveri Wichard 1985. Flint placed Antillopsyche in the subfamily Pseudoneureclipsinae, erected by Ulmer for the Old World genus Pseudoneureclipsis, of the family Polycentropodidae. Li and colleagues in 2001 transferred the subfamily Pseudoneureclipsinae to the family Dipseudopsidae, based largely on female and larval characters. However, Antillopsyche was not included in the analysis. Reevalutaion of the position of Antillopsyche on the basis of morphological characters of larvae and adults suggests that Antillopsyche and Pseudoneureclipsis form a monophyletic group. A preliminary reanalysis of Annulipalpia left placement of the subfamily Pseudoneureclipsinae equivocal. We did not find support for a sister relationship between Pseudoneureclipsinae and Dipseudopsidae. Additional larval, pupal, adult and behavioral characters will be included in a future analysis. Antillopsyche is revised to include new illustrations of extant species, a key, and detailed descriptions of the adult and immature stages.
NB33A-02 1330h
Protoptiline Caddisfly Genera Endemic to the Southern Cone Region of South America (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae)
The Trichoptera fauna of the Southern Cone region of South America (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, and SE Brazil) is well known for its high degree of endemism, at both the species and genus level. This is also true for the saddle or tortoise case-making family Glossosomatidae, represented entirely in the region by members of the subfamily Protoptilinae. The Southern Cone includes six endemic protoptiline genera: Canoptila, Itauara, Mastigoptila, Merionoptila, Scotiotrichia, and Tolhuaca, containing 19 described species. Although not particularly species diverse when compared to the rest of the Neotropical Trichoptera fauna, these endemics are note-worthy: some genera display morphological characteristics that may be considered very primitive and others are very evolutionarily derived. Additionally, there are at least 11 new species whose placement is uncertain. This points out the need to reexamine the taxonomy and evaluate the evolutionary relationships among these genera. Recently several new species of Mastigoptila and Tolhuaca were described, including some females. Taxonomic revisions of the remaining genera based on careful examination of the male and female genitalia, wing venation, and other adult morphological characters, are currently underway. Included in the revisions are descriptions of new species, new illustrations of previously described species, and a phylogenetic assessment.
NB33A-03 1330h
New Sericostomatid Caddisflies (Trichoptera) from the Brazilian Subregion
The caddisfly family Sericostomatidae, with 20 genera and almost 100 species, is nearly cosmopolitan in distribution, but is absent from the Australasian region, has only a single species in the Oriental region, and occurs only in the southernmost regions of Africa and South America. Within its distribution, it displays 4 centers of species diversity: the southeastern United States, Europe and the western Palearctic, South Africa, and southern Chile. Five genera occur in the Neotropics: Chiloecia (1 species), Grumicha (1 species), Myotrichia (1 species), Notidobiella (3 species), and Parasericostoma (10 species), all occurring in southern Chile, except Grumicha, from southeast Brazil and adjacent Argentina. Recent collecting throughout South America, but especially in SE Brazil, has resulted in the discovery of 4 new species and an extension of the family's range in South America well beyond the Chilean subregion. The new taxa include: 1 new species of Grumicha from southeastern Brazil, 2 new species of Notidobiella from SE Brazil and Ecuador, respectively, and a new species, probably representing a new genus, from Amazonian Brazil. Males, females, and immatures of these new species are described and illustrated. Biogeographical implications suggest both recent dispersal as well as more ancient Gondwanan vicariant patterns.
NB33A-04 1330h
Systematics and Taxonomy of the Long-horned Caddisfly Genus Tagalopsyche (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae)
The long-horned caddisfly genus Tagalopsyche Banks 1913 contains 4 described species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions: T. aethiopica Kimmins (Ethiopia), T. brunnea (Ulmer) (Indonesia), T. fletcheri Kimmins (India), and T. sisyroides Banks (Philippines), the type species. In addition, at least 6 new species are known from Ghana, India, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia, more than doubling the known species diversity. Diagnoses, descriptions, and illustrations of males and known females are provided for all species as well as a re-diagnosis of generic characters and a key to species. The genus is most closely related to Mystacides, with 19 species in the Nearctic, Palearctic and Oriental regions, with which is shares the synapomorpy: abdominal sternum IX of the male genitalia produced posteriorly. Little is known of the biology or ecology of the species.
NB33A-05 1330h
A Revision of the Neotropical Caddisfly Genus Rhyacopsyche (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae)
The Neotropical genus Rhyacopsyche, Müller 1879, was last reviewed in 1971 when 5 species were known. Since that time, the genus has gradually grown to 13 species. Recent material collected throughout South America has uncovered at least 22 new species. Taxonomic knowledge of the caddisflies of this region is not only useful for understanding local aquatic ecosystems, but essential in establishing biomonitoring programs. Hydroptilids, or microcaddisflies, are among the smallest Trichoptera and are therefore often unintentionally ignored in collection surveys. Relatively little is known of Rhyacopsyche. Larvae construct silken cases, sometimes using sand particles, and attach themselves to the side of rocks by silken threads which are at least as long as the case, and sometimes twice as long. The attached final-instar larvae float freely, either singly or in clusters, in fast flowing water. Identification is dependent on male genitalia and is facilitated by standard genitalic preparations for Trichoptera. Detailed illustrations have been produced for all species as well as diagnoses, descriptions and a taxonomic key. A preliminary assignment of newly described species to three currently recognized groups is proposed.
NB33A-06 1330h
Protoptila (Trichoptera) of Costa Rica and a Review of the Central American Fauna
Protoptila is the most diverse of the genera in the subfamily Protoptilinae of the family Glossosomatidae, currently with 80 species, but many more from the Neotropics awaiting description. Fourteen species occur in the United States, only one of which is also known to occur in Mexico. This compares to 38 species and one subspecies (or about half of the total for the genus) currently known from Central America, mostly described in papers by Mosely and Flint. Although the majority of these, or some 27 species, occur in Mexico, this probably more closely reflects the historical intensity of collecting rather than the real diversity by region. In Costa Rica, 11 species are currently known, 8 of which are restricted in distribution to Costa Rica, or Costa Rica and Panama, and only 3 with distributions extending to Mexico. We are describing an additional 8 species from Costa Rica, bringing to 19 the number of species now known from the country. This represents an incredible diversity for such a small country and also a very high level of implied endemism, even considering the likelihood that some of the species will be found to have wider distributions.
NB33A-07 1330h
The Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera of Missouri State Parks With Notes on Mesohabitat Associations and Distribution
Thirty-seven streams within 15 Missouri State Parks were sampled for immature and adult Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) through 2002 and early 2003. All totaled, 34,251 EPT larvae were collected, all specimens of which were identified to the lowest taxon possible. Of approximately 70,000 adult specimens collected, 10,342 were identified to the lowest taxon possible. Fifteen species endemic to the Interior Highlands and two species on the Missouri Species of Conservation Concern Checklist were collected. This research revealed a total of 214 species in 100 genera and 37 families of EPT in the designated state parks, accounting for 52% of the EPT fauna known from Missouri. Specifically, 57 species in 35 genera and 13 families of Ephemeroptera, 43 species in 18 genera and 8 families of Plecoptera, and 114 species in 47 genera and 16 families of Trichoptera were collected. Of seven mesohabitats designated, species richness was significantly highest in the riffle. Many species are reported from each state park for the first time and Serratella sordida McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) and Triaenodes perna Ross (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) were collected in Missouri for the first time.
NB33A-08 1330h
Caddisflies of Sulawesi, Indonesia: Historical Distributions and New Data from the Tondono and Tengah River Watersheds
Situated between the Wallace and Weber lines of biogeography, the island of Sulawesi is a global hotspot of endemism for many animal groups, including caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera). Historical distributions of caddisflies in Sulawesi are reviewed in comparison to other areas of Southeast Asia and Indonesia (based on the previous work of Mey, Neboiss, Wells, and others). New collection data, taken in cooperation with the University of Sam Ratulangi, are presented for larvae and adults from the Tondono River and Tengah River Watersheds in North Sulawesi Province. These data are discussed in the context of current development and agricultural pressures affecting North Sulawesi's aquatic insect communities, and the potential for future conservation activities.
NB33A-09 1330h
New Neotropical Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921 From Brazil (Diptera, Chironomidae)
The larvae of Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921 are found in the littoral and sublittoral sediments of both standing and flowing waters. The adults are easily recognized as they have one or several median, setose projections on tergite IX. The genus was recently revised, and 25 species in four species groups are recognized from the Holarctic, Oriental, Australian and Afrotropical regions. Two species from Peru described in Nilothauma, are now considered to belong in Paratendipes Kieffer, 1911, as they both lack any projection on tergite IX. No species of Nilothauma from the Neotropical region have been named so far, although both larvae and pupa exuviae have been recorded repeatedly from Brazil. In the present paper we describe and figure four new species of Nilothauma from Brazil. Three of the species are described on male imagines only, while the fourth species also have associated pupal exuviae. The genus groups with the genera Neelamia Soponis, 1986 and Paranilothauma Soponis, 1986, both of which are restricted to the Neotropical region.
NB33A-10 1330h
Systematics of calamoceratid caddisflies (Trichoptera)
The caddisfly family Calamoceratidae consists of 8 extant genera, of primarily tropical distribution. Three of these genera, Banyallarga, Heteroplectron, and Phylloicus, are found exclusively in the New World, with the majority of species diversity in the Neotropics. Adults of the two most diverse genera, Anisocentropus and Phylloicus, are remarkable for their colorful, dramatic wing patterning, and the males of Phylloicus also exhibit elaborate abdominal scent structures. Calamoceratid genera have not previously been defined by synapomorphies and their taxonomy has been complicated by inadequate description and the loss of type material. Morphological data were collected to recover relationships among the eight extant genera of Calamoceratidae. 39 calamoceratid species and 16 outgroup taxa were scored for 190 larval and adult characters. Anisocentropus and Phylloicus were found to be sister genera, rejecting the previous hypothesis that Anisocentropus is sister to the other seven calamoceratid genera. Heteroplectron was not recovered as monophyletic.
NB33A-11 1330h
Three new species of Annulipalpia (Trichoptera) from East Asia
A new species of Kisaura (Philopotamidae) and a new species of Psychomyia (Psychomyiidae) are described from Japan and a new species of Ceratopsyche (Hydropsychidae) is described from Far East Russia. The new species of Kisaura is closest to Kisaura aurascens (Martynov, 1934), but the inferior appendages are shaped differently. The new species of Psychomyia resembles Psychomyia minima (Martynov, 1910), but the shape of tergum X is radically different. The new species of Ceratopsyche looks rather like Ceratopsyche setensis (Iwata, 1927), except that tergum X and the lateral spines of the phallus are different.
NB33A-12 1330h
Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) of Gorkhi Terelj National Park, Mongolia
An inventory of the caddisflies of Gorkhi Terelj National Park, Mongolia, was undertaken in the summer of 1993. Adult and larval specimens were collected from 21 locations. Samples were taken from the Tuul River and its tributary streams during 5-11 July and from Yestiin Rashaan and Lake Khagiin Khar during 28-29 July. A total of 22 species of caddisflies, belonging to 16 genera and 12 families, were documented in this study. Four species are newly recorded for Mongolia, including Arctopora trimaculata (Zetterstedt), Micrasema gentile McLachlan, Ylodes levanidovae Morse and Vshivkova, and Goerodes sp. The most common species were Psychomyia flavida Hagen, Glossosoma nylanderi McLachlan, Glossosoma intermedium (Klapalek), Goera tungusensis Martynov, Rhyacophila egijnica Schmid, and Apatania majuscula McLachlan. Highest abundances were for species living in sand or stone habitats and making saddle cases or tube cases. Sites on the Tuul River, East Bayan River, Khokh Chuluut River, and Bayan River yielded highest abundances of specimens. Species richness was highest in the Tuul, Bayan, and East Bayan Rivers. These high abundances and richness data directly correlate to water temperature, amount of dissolved oxygen, and riparian vegetation (grasses, forbs, and shrubs).
NB33A-13 1330h
A Preliminary Digital Reference Collection of Panamanian Freshwater Aquatic Macroinvertebrates.
Most treatments of aquatic insect taxonomy in Central America have focused on the adult stages of a few taxonomic groups (e.g. Trichoptera, Baetidae). There is a general paucity of knowledge regarding immature stages of aquatic macroinvertebrates in Central America and a large proportion of species for which only the adult stages have been described. This work is an attempt to digitally document immature forms of aquatic insects from a wide range of lotic sites throughout the Republic of Panamá and to make these images available in a web-page format. Images will be available for all aquatic groups at the lowest possible taxonomic resolution, and will include images designed to highlight key taxonomic characters (e.g. tarsal claws of Camelobaetidius sp.). Along with these diagnostic images, information about life history, pollution tolerance, and collection site characteristics will be included with the images. To date, collections for reference material have been made at 23 forested sites representing a wide range of geographic and altitudinal diversity of Panamá. We hope that this work will help to stimulate further research on immature aquatic macroinvertebrates in Central America by identifying taxonomic gaps, and be used as a template for other digital reference collections.
NB33A-14 1330h
Investigations of the Diatom Genus Chamaepinnularia in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park
The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, which lies across the Tennessee-North Carolina boarder in the USA, is a region of high species diversity that has become the focus of intense study. The All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) was initiated in order to discover and catalogue all species present within this ecosystem. As part of this project we have been working to catalogue the algal flora of the park. Many new park species records have been identified as well as many species new to science. Here we focus on one genus of diatoms new to the park, Chamaepinnularia. The genus Chamaepinnularia was erected by Lange-Bertalot and Krammer in Iconographia Diatomologica: Indicators of oligotrophy - 800 taxa representative of three ecologically distinct lake types in 1996. Chamaepinnularia includes a number of species previously included in the genus Navicula. Approximately 21 species have been described to date. Species within this genus are small, typically not more than 25um long and 4um broad. The valve margins are usually linear, but occasionally they may be undulate. Many species are aerophilic and are commonly found in splash zones and other moist habitats. Three species of Chamaepinnularia have been found on wet drip walls within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. These species include Chamaepinnularia mediocis (Krasske) Lange-Bertalot, and two other undescribed species. These new species resemble the previously described Chamaepinnularia amphiborealis Lange-Bertalot and Werum and Chamaepinnularia vyvermanii Lange-Bertalot and Krammer.
NB33A-15 1330h
The Mayflies of Florida - Revisited
The last comprehensive review of the mayfly fauna of the state of Florida was the book The Mayflies of Florida: Revised Edition by L. Berner and M. L. Pescador published in 1988. In the years since then, many changes have occurred in Ephemeroptera taxonomy and much more has been learned about the mayfly fauna and its distribution in Florida. We have recently reviewed and updated what is known of the taxonomy of Florida mayfly taxa and have produced the Guide to the Mayfly (Ephemeroptera) Nymphs of Florida for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Presently, Florida has 76 mayfly species representing 41 genera in 15 families. Seven species have been newly recorded in the state and one new species is to be established. Species diversity is much higher in the Panhandle region of the state than in the Peninsula with 75 of the 76 known species present in the Panhandle and 27 of the 76 known species present in the Peninsula. Florida appears to have 5 endemic species and 10 species recorded only in the Southeast. Mayfly diversity "hotspots" in Florida are discussed.