HR: 1400h
AN: A33A-06    [Abstracts]
TI: The Ecological Monitoring Of Atmosphere Pollution In A City With Microwave
AU: * Shirokov, I B
EM: shirokov@stel.sebastopol.ua
AF: Sevastopol National Technical University, Streletskaya Bay, Studgorodok, Dept. Radio Engineering, Sevastopol, 99003, Ukraine
AU: Zemlyanukhina, O M
AF: Sevastopol National Technical University, Streletskaya Bay, Studgorodok, Dept. Radio Engineering, Sevastopol, 99003, Ukraine
AU: Ivanova, E V
AF: Sevastopol National Technical University, Streletskaya Bay, Studgorodok, Dept. Radio Engineering, Sevastopol, 99003, Ukraine
AB: The ecological problem is a problem of mutual relation of a society and nature preservation of an environment. The development of industry results in increasing of the atmosphere pollution. This paper presents the measurements of degree of pollution zone on several links with length di each. The amount of links depends on city dimension and on presence of enterprises with emission into atmosphere of harmful substances. It is known, that by the emissions in an atmosphere of harmful substances (CO, CO2 , NO etc) the environment refraction coefficient nAV (average value) is changed. So, the phase progression of microwave kd identifies the properties of an environment, where k - microwave propagation constant. In a paper (I. B. Shirokov, M. V. Ivashina, Amplitude and Phase Progression Measurements on Microwave Line-of- Sight Links, IEEE Conf. Proc. IGARSS'01, Sydney, Australia) it was shown the possibility of phase progression measurement on microwave. In this paper it is suggested to abandon the synchronization of the microwave oscillations by low frequency oscillations and to use the origin microwave oscillations as heterodyne ones with the same initial phase and a frequency shift. The length of measurement link can reach several kilometers, so the phase stability of link in low frequency band was enough for phase measurement on microwave band with high accuracy, because of length of testing link is much less than low frequency wavelength. So, presented method let us measure phase difference, which is proportional to phase progression of microwave on line-of-sight link. Taking into account that phase progression of microwave depends on refraction coefficient of medium n, we have possibility to carry out the ecological monitoring of region, where the testing link is placed. However, the phase measurements are uncertain principally. In a paper it is presented the possibility of elimination of these disadvantages by the changing of the frequency f of microwave. According to known data and the diagrams, represented in a paper, the limiting content of dangerous gases in atmosphere is not high. So, the changing of refraction coefficient of atmosphere not exceeds tens ppm (hundreds max) in relation of changing of pollution. However, taking into account the lengths of testing links in kilometers, or hundred of thousands of microwave length, there is an opportunity of registration and control of volumes of emissions of harmful substances in an atmosphere by the microwave phase measurements with high accuracy. Thus, it is possible to study the influence of the environment properties both on the microwave propagation losses that is well investigated today and the insertion phase shift of the microwave. There is every reason to assume that the idea put forward in the paper will allow to expand our knowledge about the microwave propagation mechanisms and also to help solving the inverse problem — determine the of influence of emissions of harmful substances on properties of environment. Furthermore, it is possible to obviate difficulties, associated with the establishment of automatic control of the environmental atmosphere surface layer. This method doesn't need in numerous manpower, travel facilities, complicated and expensive equipment. The process becomes easy and less time-consuming. It can carry out permanent ecology control. Measurement accuracy is determined with the radiation wavelength and doesn't depend on instrumental errors of measurements. Suggested method of measurements permits to solve not only the tasks of ecology. It will be find the application in chemistry and other branches of industry.
DE: 0345 Pollution: urban and regional (0305, 0478, 4251)
DE: 0360 Radiation: transmission and scattering
DE: 0394 Instruments and techniques
SC: Atmospheric Sciences [A]
MN: 2007 Joint Assembly