HR: 10:50h
AN: OS52A-03 [Abstracts]
TI: Deep overflow of Atlantic waters to the Caribbean Sea through Windward Passage
AU: * Johns, W
EM: bjohns@rsmas.miami.edu
AF: Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL ,
United States
AU: Johns, E
EM: libby.johns@noaa.gov
AF: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories, Miami, FL , United States
AU: Smith, R
EM: ryan.smith@noaa.gov
AF: NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories, Miami, FL , United States
AU: Molina, J
EM: jmolina@rsmas.miami.edu
AF: Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL ,
United States
AB:
From October 2003 to February 2005 a field experiment was conducted in the Windward Passage to determine
the mean flow structure in the passage and its variability on time scales from tidal to seasonal. The study
included measurements of the deep inflow of North Atlantic Deep Water over the ~1670 m sill in Windward
Passage. These are the first direct measurements of this deep inflow, which represents one of only two pathways
by which deep waters of the Caribbean and Gulf can be ventilated from the Atlantic (the other being the
Anegada/Jungfern passage south of Puerto Rico). Current meters located at the sill recorded a persistent inflow
with typical speeds of 20-40 cm/s, and only occasional interruptions. Four shipboard surveys of the passage
provide an additional view of the deep overflow and its penetration into the abyssal Caribbean. Preliminary
estimates of the mean deep inflow suggest a value near 0.4 Sv, which is about twice the corresponding value for
the Anegada/Junfern inflow and indicates that Windward Passage in fact may be the dominant deep water source
for the Caribbean.
The source of the deep inflow through Windward passage is derived from a branch of the Deep Western
Boundary Current (DWBC) that splits off the main path of the DWBC outside the Bahamas and filters through
deep passages in the central Bahamas, a new discovery made in this program. Repeated sections made
across the deep passages in the southern Bahamas show that nearly all of the upper DWBC (associated with
waters formed in the Labrador Sea), is diverted through these passages to form a strong deep jet of 5-7 Sv
flowing southeastward along the coasts of Cuba and Hispaniola, inside the Bahamas island arc. A small portion
of this flow spills through Windward Passage before this deep jet rejoins the main path of the DWBC off Puerto
Rico.
DE: 4283 Water masses
DE: 4512 Currents
DE: 4515 Deep recirculations
DE: 4553 Overflows
DE: 4576 Western boundary currents
SC: Ocean Sciences [OS]
MN: 2007 Joint Assembly